Each reporting year, your organization should measure all the fuels and energy being consumed by your assets. By specifying the ownership and boundary of each asset, you can measure all the GHG types across Scope 1, 2, 3 after applying the correct allocation.
Get started with measuring emissions today register!
| * | Sector | Classification | Land-use |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mobile home | 321991 | X* | |
| Single (attached/detached) | 236115 | X* | |
| Multi-family | 236116 | X* |
A device that consumes energy to decrease the temperature of the interior (all or part) of a building.
| Description | |
|---|---|
| Air cooled chillers produce chilled water using a direct expansion system, using electricity to take heat away from the water and releasing it into the air. The chiller is characterized by a large system of condensing coils and their fans. | |
| Water cooled chillers produce chilled water using a direct expansion system, using electricity to take heat away from the chilled water and into a condenser water loop. The chiller will have an external cooling tower that releases the heat from the condenser water into the ambient air. | |
| District cooling is accomplished by a connection to a system external to the building. Chilled water is generated outside the building, often using sources such as lakes or the ground, and routed to the building in pipes. There is a heat exchanger in the building that cools the building’s water using the external loop. | |
| Ground source heat pumps exchange heat between the ground or ground water and the water loop serving the building. They are a very efficient source of heating and cooling because the ground provides a stable temperature, even in very cold or warm seasons. |
General
The “percent served” parameter corresponds to the percent of the building that contains fan coil units or chilled beams which use the chilled water directly. If the chilled water loop serves only air handing units, then “Percent served” should be 0.
| Description | |
|---|---|
| Packaged AC Units are rooftop units or air handling units that contain a fan, cooling cool, and (optionally) a fossil fuel or electric resistance heating coil, all in one unit. The unit also contains the condensing unit for the cooling coil. The fan can either be variable or constant speed, but it serves a system without reheat coils. If the system contains reheat coils, use one of the options with “Reheat”. | |
| Packaged heat pumps are rooftop units or air handling units that contain a fan and conditioning coil in one unit. In warmer climates, the refrigerant cycle for the coil can be reversible to also provide cooling. The unit also contains the condensing/evaporating coil for the heat pump. The fan can either be variable or constant speed, but it serves a system without reheat coils. If the system contains reheat coils, use one of the options with “Reheat”. | |
| Packaged VAV with Hot Water Reheat systems can contain heating and/or cooling in the main unit. They partially condition the air, often to a cool temperature of around 55F, and then distribute it throughout the building. Supply air is routed through hot water reheat units (also called terminal units or VAV boxes) that can heat the air up and control the volume of air allowed into the space. These types of systems can only have DX cooling, but can have a range of heating systems. | |
| Packaged VAV with Electric Reheat systems can contain heating and/or cooling in the main unit. They partially condition the air, often to a cool temperature of around 55F, and then distribute it throughout the building. Supply air is routed through electric reheat units (also called terminal units or VAV boxes) that can heat the air up and control the volume of air allowed into the space. These types of systems can only have DX cooling, but can have a range of heating systems. It differentiates itself from a VAV with Elec Reheat system because all supply equipment is within a single packaged unit. | |
| VAV with Electric Reheat air handling units can contain heating and/or cooling in the main unit. They partially condition the air, often to a cool temperature of around 55F, and then distribute it throughout the building. Supply air is routed through electric reheat units (also called terminal units or VAV boxes) that can heat the air up and control the volume of air allowed into the space. These types of systems can have any type of heating and cooling. | |
| Powered by electricity, natural gas, externally heated hot water, or another fuel, warm air furnaces are connected to a duct system which distributes the hot air throughout the building. They do not contain cooling, and the systems do not contain VAV terminal units. |
|
| A ventilation only unit has the task of providing fresh air to spaces in the building. It may contain heating, but most of the heating and cooling is accomplished in the rooms themselves. A ventilation only unit is a form of dedicated outdoor air system (DOAS). If a ventilation only unit is specified, then other types of heating and/or cooling must also be specified (Single Zone Units, VRF Units, or Plants). |
Other
| Description | |
|---|---|
| Central Direct Expansion (DX) is the most common cooling source for air handlers. All packaged units with cooling capability contain this type of cooling. This type is identifiable by a lack of piping to and from the unit, or by refrigerant pipes leading directly to an exterior condensing unit. | |
| Plant cooling in an air handler utilizes chilled water to cool down supply air. This is characterized by water pipes leading to and from the cooling coil in the air handling unit. Chilled water is produced elsewhere, normally using an air-cooled or water-cooled chiller. If this option is chosen, then a Plant with cooling capability must be defined in the “Loops” section. | |
| Terminal Direct Expansion (DX) is specialized type of cooling, characterized by no cooling in the central air handler, instead having zone-level DX cooling coils, likely in the form of split systems. These coils cool down supply air before it enters the room. If the cooling coils directly cool air from the space (not supply air from the air handler), enter this in the “Single Zone Unit” section. | |
| A Variable Refrigerant Flow (VRF) system uses the concept of a heat pump system, transferring heat between the indoor air and outdoor air. The difference is that a VRF system will have a large network of refrigeration pipes, allowing a single outdoor unit to serve multiple indoor units. VRF as the heating source for an air system means that outdoor air and (optionally) return air is heated centrally and then distributed to zones. If the heating is decentralized to the zone level, define that in the “VRF Units” section. |
No Cooling
A device that consumes energy to increase the temperature of the interior (all or part) of a building.
General
The “percent served” parameter corresponds to the percent of the building that contains zone-level radiators, convectors or fan coil units which use the hot water directly. If the hot water loop serves only air handing units, then “Percent served” should be 0.
| Description | |
|---|---|
| Electricity or the burning of a fossil fuel is used to heat water, which is pumped through pipes to air handling units and/or radiators throughout the building (aka hydronic heat system) including radiant floor systems. A boiler system can be combined with the domestic hot water system to provide potable hot water in addition to space heating.
|
|
| Ground source heat pumps exchange heat between the ground or ground water and the water loop serving the building. They are a very efficient source of heating because the ground provides a stable temperature, even in very cold or warm seasons. | |
| District heating is accomplished by a connection to a system external to the building. Hot water or steam is generated outside the building and routed to the building in pipes. There is a heat exchanger in the building that heats the building’s water using the external loop. |
| Description | |
|---|---|
| Packaged AC Units are rooftop units or air handling units that contain a fan, cooling cool, and (optionally) a fossil fuel or electric resistance heating coil, all in one unit. The unit also contains the condensing unit for the cooling coil. The fan can either be variable or constant speed, but it serves a system without reheat coils. If the system contains reheat coils, use one of the options with “Reheat”. | |
| Packaged heat pumps are rooftop units or air handling units that contain a fan and conditioning coil in one unit. In warmer climates, the refrigerant cycle for the coil can be reversible to also provide cooling. The unit also contains the condensing/evaporating coil for the heat pump. The fan can either be variable or constant speed, but it serves a system without reheat coils. If the system contains reheat coils, use one of the options with “Reheat”. | |
| Packaged VAV with Hot Water Reheat systems can contain heating and/or cooling in the main unit. They partially condition the air, often to a cool temperature of around 55F, and then distribute it throughout the building. Supply air is routed through hot water reheat units (also called terminal units or VAV boxes) that can heat the air up and control the volume of air allowed into the space. These types of systems can only have DX cooling, but can have a range of heating systems. | |
| Packaged VAV with Electric Reheat systems can contain heating and/or cooling in the main unit. They partially condition the air, often to a cool temperature of around 55F, and then distribute it throughout the building. Supply air is routed through electric reheat units (also called terminal units or VAV boxes) that can heat the air up and control the volume of air allowed into the space. These types of systems can only have DX cooling, but can have a range of heating systems. It differentiates itself from a VAV with Elec Reheat system because all supply equipment is within a single packaged unit. | |
| VAV with Electric Reheat air handling units can contain heating and/or cooling in the main unit. They partially condition the air, often to a cool temperature of around 55F, and then distribute it throughout the building. Supply air is routed through electric reheat units (also called terminal units or VAV boxes) that can heat the air up and control the volume of air allowed into the space. These types of systems can have any type of heating and cooling. | |
| Powered by electricity, natural gas, externally heated hot water, or another fuel, warm air furnaces are connected to a duct system which distributes the hot air throughout the building. They do not contain cooling, and the systems do not contain VAV terminal units. |
|
| A ventilation only unit has the task of providing fresh air to spaces in the building. It may contain heating, but most of the heating and cooling is accomplished in the rooms themselves. A ventilation only unit is a form of dedicated outdoor air system (DOAS). If a ventilation only unit is specified, then other types of heating and/or cooling must also be specified (Single Zone Units, VRF Units, or Plants). |
Other
| Description | |
|---|---|
| Powered by electricity, natural gas, externally heated hot water, or another fuel, central furnaces are connected to a duct system which distributes the hot air throughout the building. |
|
| Provides heating in the winter and cooling in the summer by absorbing and transferring heat between the inside air and the outside air. A heat pump in an air system is connected to a duct system which distributes the conditioned air throughout the house. One can differentiate this type of heating in an air handler if the pipes leading into the heating coil contain refrigerant. It can be differentiated from a VRF system if the refrigeration pipes from this heat pump and other units all lead to the same outdoor unit. | |
| An air handler with Plant heating will have a hot water coil, identifiable by hot water pipes leading in and out of it. These pipes route to/from an external hot water boiler, which needs to be defined in the Plant portion. | |
| Powered by electricity, natural gas, externally heated hot water, or another fuel, single zone central furnaces may be connected to a duct system or not, but they only serve one space in the building. |
|
| A VRF system uses the concept of a heat pump system, transferring heat between the indoor air and outdoor air. The difference is that a VRF system will have a large network of refrigeration pipes, allowing a single outdoor unit to serve multiple indoor units. VRF as the heating source for an air system means that outdoor air and (optionally) return air is heated centrally and then distributed to zones. If the heating is decentralized to the zone level, define that in the “VRF Units” section. |
No Heating
A device that consumes energy to heat water for direct human use.
General
The “percent served” parameter corresponds to the percent of the building that contains zone-level radiators, convectors or fan coil units which use the hot water directly. If the hot water loop serves only air handing units, then “Percent served” should be 0.
| Description | |
|---|---|
| Electricity or the burning of a fossil fuel is used to heat water, which is pumped through pipes to air handling units and/or radiators throughout the building (aka hydronic heat system) including radiant floor systems. A boiler system can be combined with the domestic hot water system to provide potable hot water in addition to space heating.
|
|
| Ground source heat pumps exchange heat between the ground or ground water and the water loop serving the building. They are a very efficient source of heating because the ground provides a stable temperature, even in very cold or warm seasons. | |
| District heating is accomplished by a connection to a system external to the building. Hot water or steam is generated outside the building and routed to the building in pipes. There is a heat exchanger in the building that heats the building’s water using the external loop. |
| Description | |
|---|---|
| Packaged AC Units are rooftop units or air handling units that contain a fan, cooling cool, and (optionally) a fossil fuel or electric resistance heating coil, all in one unit. The unit also contains the condensing unit for the cooling coil. The fan can either be variable or constant speed, but it serves a system without reheat coils. If the system contains reheat coils, use one of the options with “Reheat”. | |
| Packaged heat pumps are rooftop units or air handling units that contain a fan and conditioning coil in one unit. In warmer climates, the refrigerant cycle for the coil can be reversible to also provide cooling. The unit also contains the condensing/evaporating coil for the heat pump. The fan can either be variable or constant speed, but it serves a system without reheat coils. If the system contains reheat coils, use one of the options with “Reheat”. | |
| Packaged VAV with Hot Water Reheat systems can contain heating and/or cooling in the main unit. They partially condition the air, often to a cool temperature of around 55F, and then distribute it throughout the building. Supply air is routed through hot water reheat units (also called terminal units or VAV boxes) that can heat the air up and control the volume of air allowed into the space. These types of systems can only have DX cooling, but can have a range of heating systems. | |
| Packaged VAV with Electric Reheat systems can contain heating and/or cooling in the main unit. They partially condition the air, often to a cool temperature of around 55F, and then distribute it throughout the building. Supply air is routed through electric reheat units (also called terminal units or VAV boxes) that can heat the air up and control the volume of air allowed into the space. These types of systems can only have DX cooling, but can have a range of heating systems. It differentiates itself from a VAV with Elec Reheat system because all supply equipment is within a single packaged unit. | |
| VAV with Electric Reheat air handling units can contain heating and/or cooling in the main unit. They partially condition the air, often to a cool temperature of around 55F, and then distribute it throughout the building. Supply air is routed through electric reheat units (also called terminal units or VAV boxes) that can heat the air up and control the volume of air allowed into the space. These types of systems can have any type of heating and cooling. | |
| Powered by electricity, natural gas, externally heated hot water, or another fuel, warm air furnaces are connected to a duct system which distributes the hot air throughout the building. They do not contain cooling, and the systems do not contain VAV terminal units. |
|
| A ventilation only unit has the task of providing fresh air to spaces in the building. It may contain heating, but most of the heating and cooling is accomplished in the rooms themselves. A ventilation only unit is a form of dedicated outdoor air system (DOAS). If a ventilation only unit is specified, then other types of heating and/or cooling must also be specified (Single Zone Units, VRF Units, or Plants). |
Other
| Description | |
|---|---|
| Powered by electricity, natural gas, externally heated hot water, or another fuel, central furnaces are connected to a duct system which distributes the hot air throughout the building. |
|
| Provides heating in the winter and cooling in the summer by absorbing and transferring heat between the inside air and the outside air. A heat pump in an air system is connected to a duct system which distributes the conditioned air throughout the house. One can differentiate this type of heating in an air handler if the pipes leading into the heating coil contain refrigerant. It can be differentiated from a VRF system if the refrigeration pipes from this heat pump and other units all lead to the same outdoor unit. | |
| An air handler with Plant heating will have a hot water coil, identifiable by hot water pipes leading in and out of it. These pipes route to/from an external hot water boiler, which needs to be defined in the Plant portion. | |
| Powered by electricity, natural gas, externally heated hot water, or another fuel, single zone central furnaces may be connected to a duct system or not, but they only serve one space in the building. |
|
| A VRF system uses the concept of a heat pump system, transferring heat between the indoor air and outdoor air. The difference is that a VRF system will have a large network of refrigeration pipes, allowing a single outdoor unit to serve multiple indoor units. VRF as the heating source for an air system means that outdoor air and (optionally) return air is heated centrally and then distributed to zones. If the heating is decentralized to the zone level, define that in the “VRF Units” section. |
No Heating
Scope 1 emissions are direct greenhouse (GHG) emissions that occur from sources that are controlled or owned by a homeowner. These include GHG emissions associated with fuel combustion in both stationary and mobile sources, such as in home boilers or furnaces; or passenger vehicles owned by the household.
Direct GHG emissions from stationary (non-transport) combustion of fossil fuels at a home, such as combustion within boilers, turbines, but also end-uses like space or water heating, and home appliances.
Direct GHG emissions associated with fuel combustion in owned or operated mobile sources, such as on-road vehicles (passenger vehicles, trucks) and if homeowner also own any off-road vehicles (planes, or boats) or equipment (power tools, lawnmowers or farming, etc.).
Direct GHG emissions from home refrigeration and air conditioning systems or fire suppression systems, if any.
| Chemical | 100-Year Global Warming Potentials |
|---|---|
| HFC-23 | 14,800 |
| HFC-32 | 675 |
| HFC-125 | 3,500 |
| HFC-134a | 1,430 |
| HFC-143a | 4,470 |
| HFC-152a | 124 |
| HFC-227ea | 3,220 |
| HFC-236fa | 9,810 |
| Chemical | 100-Year Global Warming Potentials |
|---|---|
| HFC-23 | 14,800 |
| HFC-125 | 3,500 |
| HFC-134a | 1,430 |
| HFC-227ea | 3,220 |
| HFC-236fa | 9,810 |
| PFC-143 (CF4) | 7,390 |
| PFC-31-10 (C4F10) | 8,860 |
Scope 2 emissions are indirect GHG emissions associated with the purchase of electricity, steam, heat, or cooling for residential homes. While scope 2 emissions occur at the home where they are physically generated (power plants or heating units), they are often accounted for in a home's overall carbon footprint because they are a result of that household total energy and fuel consumption.
Usually either purchased (in kWh or MWh) from a utility or an energy supplier by the homeowner. Onsite combustion of fossil fuels to convert to electricity via plants owned by the homeowner will be counted as their stationary combustion, and thus scope 1.
Usually purchased from a supplier by the homeowner in weight or BTUs, often with power generation. Steam capacity is often transferred for use in residential buildings, such as for cooking in the home, but also other applicable residential applications. If the combustion leading to the steam is conducted in equipment owned by the homeowner, the fuel source being used would be counted as their scope 1 emissions.
Usually purchased from a supplier in weight or BTUs, often with power (co)generation, by the home. The heat generated in such centralized locations is distributed through a system of insulated pipes for a residential buildings’ heating requirements such as room space heating and water heating. If the biomass, fossil-fuel or renewable energy-based co-generation plant is owned by the homeowner, the fuel usage will be reported as their scope 1 stationary emissions.
A district cooling system uses water chilled by cooling plants (chillers or residual heat for cooling) which travels from the upstream plant to the residential buildings to cool the space. Fossil or renewable feedstock used in these systems, if owned by the homeowner, would be counted as their scope 1 emissions.
| * | Sector | Classification | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Education | 611 | X* | |
| Food Sales | 445 | X* | |
| Healthcare | 722 | X* | |
| Lodging | 722 | X* | |
| Retail | 722 | X* | |
| Office | 722 | X* | |
| Public assembly | 722 | X* | |
| Public order & safety | 722 | X* | |
| Religious worship | 722 | X* | |
| Service | 722 | X* | |
| Warehouse and storage | 722 | X* |
A device that consumes energy to decrease the temperature of the interior (all or part) of a building.
| Description | |
|---|---|
| Air cooled chillers produce chilled water using a direct expansion system, using electricity to take heat away from the water and releasing it into the air. The chiller is characterized by a large system of condensing coils and their fans. | |
| Water cooled chillers produce chilled water using a direct expansion system, using electricity to take heat away from the chilled water and into a condenser water loop. The chiller will have an external cooling tower that releases the heat from the condenser water into the ambient air. | |
| District cooling is accomplished by a connection to a system external to the building. Chilled water is generated outside the building, often using sources such as lakes or the ground, and routed to the building in pipes. There is a heat exchanger in the building that cools the building’s water using the external loop. | |
| Ground source heat pumps exchange heat between the ground or ground water and the water loop serving the building. They are a very efficient source of heating and cooling because the ground provides a stable temperature, even in very cold or warm seasons. |
General
The “percent served” parameter corresponds to the percent of the building that contains fan coil units or chilled beams which use the chilled water directly. If the chilled water loop serves only air handing units, then “Percent served” should be 0.
| Description | |
|---|---|
| Packaged AC Units are rooftop units or air handling units that contain a fan, cooling cool, and (optionally) a fossil fuel or electric resistance heating coil, all in one unit. The unit also contains the condensing unit for the cooling coil. The fan can either be variable or constant speed, but it serves a system without reheat coils. If the system contains reheat coils, use one of the options with “Reheat”. | |
| Packaged heat pumps are rooftop units or air handling units that contain a fan and conditioning coil in one unit. In warmer climates, the refrigerant cycle for the coil can be reversible to also provide cooling. The unit also contains the condensing/evaporating coil for the heat pump. The fan can either be variable or constant speed, but it serves a system without reheat coils. If the system contains reheat coils, use one of the options with “Reheat”. | |
| Packaged VAV with Hot Water Reheat systems can contain heating and/or cooling in the main unit. They partially condition the air, often to a cool temperature of around 55F, and then distribute it throughout the building. Supply air is routed through hot water reheat units (also called terminal units or VAV boxes) that can heat the air up and control the volume of air allowed into the space. These types of systems can only have DX cooling, but can have a range of heating systems. | |
| Packaged VAV with Electric Reheat systems can contain heating and/or cooling in the main unit. They partially condition the air, often to a cool temperature of around 55F, and then distribute it throughout the building. Supply air is routed through electric reheat units (also called terminal units or VAV boxes) that can heat the air up and control the volume of air allowed into the space. These types of systems can only have DX cooling, but can have a range of heating systems. It differentiates itself from a VAV with Elec Reheat system because all supply equipment is within a single packaged unit. | |
| VAV with Electric Reheat air handling units can contain heating and/or cooling in the main unit. They partially condition the air, often to a cool temperature of around 55F, and then distribute it throughout the building. Supply air is routed through electric reheat units (also called terminal units or VAV boxes) that can heat the air up and control the volume of air allowed into the space. These types of systems can have any type of heating and cooling. | |
| Powered by electricity, natural gas, externally heated hot water, or another fuel, warm air furnaces are connected to a duct system which distributes the hot air throughout the building. They do not contain cooling, and the systems do not contain VAV terminal units. |
|
| A ventilation only unit has the task of providing fresh air to spaces in the building. It may contain heating, but most of the heating and cooling is accomplished in the rooms themselves. A ventilation only unit is a form of dedicated outdoor air system (DOAS). If a ventilation only unit is specified, then other types of heating and/or cooling must also be specified (Single Zone Units, VRF Units, or Plants). |
Other
| Description | |
|---|---|
| Central Direct Expansion (DX) is the most common cooling source for air handlers. All packaged units with cooling capability contain this type of cooling. This type is identifiable by a lack of piping to and from the unit, or by refrigerant pipes leading directly to an exterior condensing unit. | |
| Plant cooling in an air handler utilizes chilled water to cool down supply air. This is characterized by water pipes leading to and from the cooling coil in the air handling unit. Chilled water is produced elsewhere, normally using an air-cooled or water-cooled chiller. If this option is chosen, then a Plant with cooling capability must be defined in the “Loops” section. | |
| Terminal Direct Expansion (DX) is specialized type of cooling, characterized by no cooling in the central air handler, instead having zone-level DX cooling coils, likely in the form of split systems. These coils cool down supply air before it enters the room. If the cooling coils directly cool air from the space (not supply air from the air handler), enter this in the “Single Zone Unit” section. | |
| A Variable Refrigerant Flow (VRF) system uses the concept of a heat pump system, transferring heat between the indoor air and outdoor air. The difference is that a VRF system will have a large network of refrigeration pipes, allowing a single outdoor unit to serve multiple indoor units. VRF as the heating source for an air system means that outdoor air and (optionally) return air is heated centrally and then distributed to zones. If the heating is decentralized to the zone level, define that in the “VRF Units” section. |
No Cooling
A device that consumes energy to increase the temperature of the interior (all or part) of a building.
General
The “percent served” parameter corresponds to the percent of the building that contains zone-level radiators, convectors or fan coil units which use the hot water directly. If the hot water loop serves only air handing units, then “Percent served” should be 0.
| Description | |
|---|---|
| Electricity or the burning of a fossil fuel is used to heat water, which is pumped through pipes to air handling units and/or radiators throughout the building (aka hydronic heat system) including radiant floor systems. A boiler system can be combined with the domestic hot water system to provide potable hot water in addition to space heating.
|
|
| Ground source heat pumps exchange heat between the ground or ground water and the water loop serving the building. They are a very efficient source of heating because the ground provides a stable temperature, even in very cold or warm seasons. | |
| District heating is accomplished by a connection to a system external to the building. Hot water or steam is generated outside the building and routed to the building in pipes. There is a heat exchanger in the building that heats the building’s water using the external loop. |
| Description | |
|---|---|
| Packaged AC Units are rooftop units or air handling units that contain a fan, cooling cool, and (optionally) a fossil fuel or electric resistance heating coil, all in one unit. The unit also contains the condensing unit for the cooling coil. The fan can either be variable or constant speed, but it serves a system without reheat coils. If the system contains reheat coils, use one of the options with “Reheat”. | |
| Packaged heat pumps are rooftop units or air handling units that contain a fan and conditioning coil in one unit. In warmer climates, the refrigerant cycle for the coil can be reversible to also provide cooling. The unit also contains the condensing/evaporating coil for the heat pump. The fan can either be variable or constant speed, but it serves a system without reheat coils. If the system contains reheat coils, use one of the options with “Reheat”. | |
| Packaged VAV with Hot Water Reheat systems can contain heating and/or cooling in the main unit. They partially condition the air, often to a cool temperature of around 55F, and then distribute it throughout the building. Supply air is routed through hot water reheat units (also called terminal units or VAV boxes) that can heat the air up and control the volume of air allowed into the space. These types of systems can only have DX cooling, but can have a range of heating systems. | |
| Packaged VAV with Electric Reheat systems can contain heating and/or cooling in the main unit. They partially condition the air, often to a cool temperature of around 55F, and then distribute it throughout the building. Supply air is routed through electric reheat units (also called terminal units or VAV boxes) that can heat the air up and control the volume of air allowed into the space. These types of systems can only have DX cooling, but can have a range of heating systems. It differentiates itself from a VAV with Elec Reheat system because all supply equipment is within a single packaged unit. | |
| VAV with Electric Reheat air handling units can contain heating and/or cooling in the main unit. They partially condition the air, often to a cool temperature of around 55F, and then distribute it throughout the building. Supply air is routed through electric reheat units (also called terminal units or VAV boxes) that can heat the air up and control the volume of air allowed into the space. These types of systems can have any type of heating and cooling. | |
| Powered by electricity, natural gas, externally heated hot water, or another fuel, warm air furnaces are connected to a duct system which distributes the hot air throughout the building. They do not contain cooling, and the systems do not contain VAV terminal units. |
|
| A ventilation only unit has the task of providing fresh air to spaces in the building. It may contain heating, but most of the heating and cooling is accomplished in the rooms themselves. A ventilation only unit is a form of dedicated outdoor air system (DOAS). If a ventilation only unit is specified, then other types of heating and/or cooling must also be specified (Single Zone Units, VRF Units, or Plants). |
Other
| Description | |
|---|---|
| Powered by electricity, natural gas, externally heated hot water, or another fuel, central furnaces are connected to a duct system which distributes the hot air throughout the building. |
|
| Provides heating in the winter and cooling in the summer by absorbing and transferring heat between the inside air and the outside air. A heat pump in an air system is connected to a duct system which distributes the conditioned air throughout the house. One can differentiate this type of heating in an air handler if the pipes leading into the heating coil contain refrigerant. It can be differentiated from a VRF system if the refrigeration pipes from this heat pump and other units all lead to the same outdoor unit. | |
| An air handler with Plant heating will have a hot water coil, identifiable by hot water pipes leading in and out of it. These pipes route to/from an external hot water boiler, which needs to be defined in the Plant portion. | |
| Powered by electricity, natural gas, externally heated hot water, or another fuel, single zone central furnaces may be connected to a duct system or not, but they only serve one space in the building. |
|
| A VRF system uses the concept of a heat pump system, transferring heat between the indoor air and outdoor air. The difference is that a VRF system will have a large network of refrigeration pipes, allowing a single outdoor unit to serve multiple indoor units. VRF as the heating source for an air system means that outdoor air and (optionally) return air is heated centrally and then distributed to zones. If the heating is decentralized to the zone level, define that in the “VRF Units” section. |
No Heating
A device that consumes energy to heat water for direct human use.
General
The “percent served” parameter corresponds to the percent of the building that contains zone-level radiators, convectors or fan coil units which use the hot water directly. If the hot water loop serves only air handing units, then “Percent served” should be 0.
| Description | |
|---|---|
| Electricity or the burning of a fossil fuel is used to heat water, which is pumped through pipes to air handling units and/or radiators throughout the building (aka hydronic heat system) including radiant floor systems. A boiler system can be combined with the domestic hot water system to provide potable hot water in addition to space heating.
|
|
| Ground source heat pumps exchange heat between the ground or ground water and the water loop serving the building. They are a very efficient source of heating because the ground provides a stable temperature, even in very cold or warm seasons. | |
| District heating is accomplished by a connection to a system external to the building. Hot water or steam is generated outside the building and routed to the building in pipes. There is a heat exchanger in the building that heats the building’s water using the external loop. |
| Description | |
|---|---|
| Packaged AC Units are rooftop units or air handling units that contain a fan, cooling cool, and (optionally) a fossil fuel or electric resistance heating coil, all in one unit. The unit also contains the condensing unit for the cooling coil. The fan can either be variable or constant speed, but it serves a system without reheat coils. If the system contains reheat coils, use one of the options with “Reheat”. | |
| Packaged heat pumps are rooftop units or air handling units that contain a fan and conditioning coil in one unit. In warmer climates, the refrigerant cycle for the coil can be reversible to also provide cooling. The unit also contains the condensing/evaporating coil for the heat pump. The fan can either be variable or constant speed, but it serves a system without reheat coils. If the system contains reheat coils, use one of the options with “Reheat”. | |
| Packaged VAV with Hot Water Reheat systems can contain heating and/or cooling in the main unit. They partially condition the air, often to a cool temperature of around 55F, and then distribute it throughout the building. Supply air is routed through hot water reheat units (also called terminal units or VAV boxes) that can heat the air up and control the volume of air allowed into the space. These types of systems can only have DX cooling, but can have a range of heating systems. | |
| Packaged VAV with Electric Reheat systems can contain heating and/or cooling in the main unit. They partially condition the air, often to a cool temperature of around 55F, and then distribute it throughout the building. Supply air is routed through electric reheat units (also called terminal units or VAV boxes) that can heat the air up and control the volume of air allowed into the space. These types of systems can only have DX cooling, but can have a range of heating systems. It differentiates itself from a VAV with Elec Reheat system because all supply equipment is within a single packaged unit. | |
| VAV with Electric Reheat air handling units can contain heating and/or cooling in the main unit. They partially condition the air, often to a cool temperature of around 55F, and then distribute it throughout the building. Supply air is routed through electric reheat units (also called terminal units or VAV boxes) that can heat the air up and control the volume of air allowed into the space. These types of systems can have any type of heating and cooling. | |
| Powered by electricity, natural gas, externally heated hot water, or another fuel, warm air furnaces are connected to a duct system which distributes the hot air throughout the building. They do not contain cooling, and the systems do not contain VAV terminal units. |
|
| A ventilation only unit has the task of providing fresh air to spaces in the building. It may contain heating, but most of the heating and cooling is accomplished in the rooms themselves. A ventilation only unit is a form of dedicated outdoor air system (DOAS). If a ventilation only unit is specified, then other types of heating and/or cooling must also be specified (Single Zone Units, VRF Units, or Plants). |
Other
| Description | |
|---|---|
| Powered by electricity, natural gas, externally heated hot water, or another fuel, central furnaces are connected to a duct system which distributes the hot air throughout the building. |
|
| Provides heating in the winter and cooling in the summer by absorbing and transferring heat between the inside air and the outside air. A heat pump in an air system is connected to a duct system which distributes the conditioned air throughout the house. One can differentiate this type of heating in an air handler if the pipes leading into the heating coil contain refrigerant. It can be differentiated from a VRF system if the refrigeration pipes from this heat pump and other units all lead to the same outdoor unit. | |
| An air handler with Plant heating will have a hot water coil, identifiable by hot water pipes leading in and out of it. These pipes route to/from an external hot water boiler, which needs to be defined in the Plant portion. | |
| Powered by electricity, natural gas, externally heated hot water, or another fuel, single zone central furnaces may be connected to a duct system or not, but they only serve one space in the building. |
|
| A VRF system uses the concept of a heat pump system, transferring heat between the indoor air and outdoor air. The difference is that a VRF system will have a large network of refrigeration pipes, allowing a single outdoor unit to serve multiple indoor units. VRF as the heating source for an air system means that outdoor air and (optionally) return air is heated centrally and then distributed to zones. If the heating is decentralized to the zone level, define that in the “VRF Units” section. |
No Heating
Scope 1 emissions are direct greenhouse (GHG) emissions that occur from sources that are controlled or owned by a commercial entity. These include GHG emissions associated with fuel combustion in both stationary and mobile sources, such as in boilers and furnaces in commercial buildings and fleet vehicles.
Direct GHG emissions from stationary (non-transport) combustion of fossil fuels at a commercial facility, such as combustion within boilers, turbines, process heating, but also end-uses like commercial space or water heating, and office appliances.
Direct GHG emissions associated with fuel combustion in owned or operated mobile sources, such as on-road vehicles (company-owned passenger vehicles, trucks) and any off-road vehicles the entity might own (planes, ships) or equipment (construction, agricultural, etc). See transportation emissions to learn more.
Direct GHG emissions from refrigeration and air conditioning systems within commercial buildings, fire suppression systems, and any purchase and release of gasses for certain entities.
| Chemical | 100-Year Global Warming Potentials |
|---|---|
| HFC-23 | 14,800 |
| HFC-32 | 675 |
| HFC-125 | 3,500 |
| HFC-134a | 1,430 |
| HFC-143a | 4,470 |
| HFC-152a | 124 |
| HFC-227ea | 3,220 |
| HFC-236fa | 9,810 |
| Chemical | 100-Year Global Warming Potentials |
|---|---|
| HFC-23 | 14,800 |
| HFC-125 | 3,500 |
| HFC-134a | 1,430 |
| HFC-227ea | 3,220 |
| HFC-236fa | 9,810 |
| PFC-143 (CF4) | 7,390 |
| PFC-31-10 (C4F10) | 8,860 |
Scope 2 emissions are indirect GHG emissions associated with the purchase of electricity, steam, heat, or cooling for use in commercial buildings. While scope 2 emissions occur at the commercial facility where they are physically generated (power plants or heating units), they are often accounted for in an organization’s GHG inventory because they are a result of that organization’s energy consumption.
Usually either purchased (in kWh or MWh) from a utility or an energy supplier and delivered to the commercial building. Onsite combustion of fossil fuels to convert to electricity via plants owned by the organization will be counted as their stationary combustion, and thus scope 1.
Usually purchased from a supplier by commercial customers in weight or BTUs, often with power generation. Steam capacity is often transferred for use in commercial buildings, such as for cooking. If the combustion leading to the steam is conducted in equipment owned by the organization, the fuel source being used would be counted as their scope 1 emissions.
Usually purchased from a supplier in weight or BTUs, often with power (co)generation for commercial end-use load. The heat generated in such centralized locations is distributed through a system of insulated pipes for a commercial buildings’ heating requirements such as commercial space heating and water heating. If the biomass, fossil-fuel or renewable energy-based co-generation plant is owned by the organization, the fuel usage will be reported as their scope 1 stationary or biogenic emissions.
A district cooling system uses water chilled by cooling plants (chillers or residual heat for cooling) which travels from the upstream plant to an organizations’ commercial buildings to cool the space. Fossil or renewable feedstock used in these systems, if owned by the organization, would be reported as their scope 1 emissions.
| * | Sector | Classification | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chemical and petrochemical | 237120 | X* | |
| Food and tobacco | 312230 | X* | |
| Iron and steel | 236210 | X* | |
| Non ferrous metals | 312230 | X* | |
| Machinery | 312230 | X* | |
| Mining and quarrying | 312230 | X* | |
| Transport equipment | 312230 | X* | |
| Wood and wood products | 312230 | X* | |
| Package | 312230 | X* |
A device that consumes energy to decrease the temperature of the interior (all or part) of a building.
| Description | |
|---|---|
| Air cooled chillers produce chilled water using a direct expansion system, using electricity to take heat away from the water and releasing it into the air. The chiller is characterized by a large system of condensing coils and their fans. | |
| Water cooled chillers produce chilled water using a direct expansion system, using electricity to take heat away from the chilled water and into a condenser water loop. The chiller will have an external cooling tower that releases the heat from the condenser water into the ambient air. | |
| District cooling is accomplished by a connection to a system external to the building. Chilled water is generated outside the building, often using sources such as lakes or the ground, and routed to the building in pipes. There is a heat exchanger in the building that cools the building’s water using the external loop. | |
| Ground source heat pumps exchange heat between the ground or ground water and the water loop serving the building. They are a very efficient source of heating and cooling because the ground provides a stable temperature, even in very cold or warm seasons. |
General
The “percent served” parameter corresponds to the percent of the building that contains fan coil units or chilled beams which use the chilled water directly. If the chilled water loop serves only air handing units, then “Percent served” should be 0.
| Description | |
|---|---|
| Packaged AC Units are rooftop units or air handling units that contain a fan, cooling cool, and (optionally) a fossil fuel or electric resistance heating coil, all in one unit. The unit also contains the condensing unit for the cooling coil. The fan can either be variable or constant speed, but it serves a system without reheat coils. If the system contains reheat coils, use one of the options with “Reheat”. | |
| Packaged heat pumps are rooftop units or air handling units that contain a fan and conditioning coil in one unit. In warmer climates, the refrigerant cycle for the coil can be reversible to also provide cooling. The unit also contains the condensing/evaporating coil for the heat pump. The fan can either be variable or constant speed, but it serves a system without reheat coils. If the system contains reheat coils, use one of the options with “Reheat”. | |
| Packaged VAV with Hot Water Reheat systems can contain heating and/or cooling in the main unit. They partially condition the air, often to a cool temperature of around 55F, and then distribute it throughout the building. Supply air is routed through hot water reheat units (also called terminal units or VAV boxes) that can heat the air up and control the volume of air allowed into the space. These types of systems can only have DX cooling, but can have a range of heating systems. | |
| Packaged VAV with Electric Reheat systems can contain heating and/or cooling in the main unit. They partially condition the air, often to a cool temperature of around 55F, and then distribute it throughout the building. Supply air is routed through electric reheat units (also called terminal units or VAV boxes) that can heat the air up and control the volume of air allowed into the space. These types of systems can only have DX cooling, but can have a range of heating systems. It differentiates itself from a VAV with Elec Reheat system because all supply equipment is within a single packaged unit. | |
| VAV with Electric Reheat air handling units can contain heating and/or cooling in the main unit. They partially condition the air, often to a cool temperature of around 55F, and then distribute it throughout the building. Supply air is routed through electric reheat units (also called terminal units or VAV boxes) that can heat the air up and control the volume of air allowed into the space. These types of systems can have any type of heating and cooling. | |
| Powered by electricity, natural gas, externally heated hot water, or another fuel, warm air furnaces are connected to a duct system which distributes the hot air throughout the building. They do not contain cooling, and the systems do not contain VAV terminal units. |
|
| A ventilation only unit has the task of providing fresh air to spaces in the building. It may contain heating, but most of the heating and cooling is accomplished in the rooms themselves. A ventilation only unit is a form of dedicated outdoor air system (DOAS). If a ventilation only unit is specified, then other types of heating and/or cooling must also be specified (Single Zone Units, VRF Units, or Plants). |
Other
| Description | |
|---|---|
| Central Direct Expansion (DX) is the most common cooling source for air handlers. All packaged units with cooling capability contain this type of cooling. This type is identifiable by a lack of piping to and from the unit, or by refrigerant pipes leading directly to an exterior condensing unit. | |
| Plant cooling in an air handler utilizes chilled water to cool down supply air. This is characterized by water pipes leading to and from the cooling coil in the air handling unit. Chilled water is produced elsewhere, normally using an air-cooled or water-cooled chiller. If this option is chosen, then a Plant with cooling capability must be defined in the “Loops” section. | |
| Terminal Direct Expansion (DX) is specialized type of cooling, characterized by no cooling in the central air handler, instead having zone-level DX cooling coils, likely in the form of split systems. These coils cool down supply air before it enters the room. If the cooling coils directly cool air from the space (not supply air from the air handler), enter this in the “Single Zone Unit” section. | |
| A Variable Refrigerant Flow (VRF) system uses the concept of a heat pump system, transferring heat between the indoor air and outdoor air. The difference is that a VRF system will have a large network of refrigeration pipes, allowing a single outdoor unit to serve multiple indoor units. VRF as the heating source for an air system means that outdoor air and (optionally) return air is heated centrally and then distributed to zones. If the heating is decentralized to the zone level, define that in the “VRF Units” section. |
No Cooling
A device that consumes energy to increase the temperature of the interior (all or part) of a building.
General
The “percent served” parameter corresponds to the percent of the building that contains zone-level radiators, convectors or fan coil units which use the hot water directly. If the hot water loop serves only air handing units, then “Percent served” should be 0.
| Description | |
|---|---|
| Electricity or the burning of a fossil fuel is used to heat water, which is pumped through pipes to air handling units and/or radiators throughout the building (aka hydronic heat system) including radiant floor systems. A boiler system can be combined with the domestic hot water system to provide potable hot water in addition to space heating.
|
|
| Ground source heat pumps exchange heat between the ground or ground water and the water loop serving the building. They are a very efficient source of heating because the ground provides a stable temperature, even in very cold or warm seasons. | |
| District heating is accomplished by a connection to a system external to the building. Hot water or steam is generated outside the building and routed to the building in pipes. There is a heat exchanger in the building that heats the building’s water using the external loop. |
| Description | |
|---|---|
| Packaged AC Units are rooftop units or air handling units that contain a fan, cooling cool, and (optionally) a fossil fuel or electric resistance heating coil, all in one unit. The unit also contains the condensing unit for the cooling coil. The fan can either be variable or constant speed, but it serves a system without reheat coils. If the system contains reheat coils, use one of the options with “Reheat”. | |
| Packaged heat pumps are rooftop units or air handling units that contain a fan and conditioning coil in one unit. In warmer climates, the refrigerant cycle for the coil can be reversible to also provide cooling. The unit also contains the condensing/evaporating coil for the heat pump. The fan can either be variable or constant speed, but it serves a system without reheat coils. If the system contains reheat coils, use one of the options with “Reheat”. | |
| Packaged VAV with Hot Water Reheat systems can contain heating and/or cooling in the main unit. They partially condition the air, often to a cool temperature of around 55F, and then distribute it throughout the building. Supply air is routed through hot water reheat units (also called terminal units or VAV boxes) that can heat the air up and control the volume of air allowed into the space. These types of systems can only have DX cooling, but can have a range of heating systems. | |
| Packaged VAV with Electric Reheat systems can contain heating and/or cooling in the main unit. They partially condition the air, often to a cool temperature of around 55F, and then distribute it throughout the building. Supply air is routed through electric reheat units (also called terminal units or VAV boxes) that can heat the air up and control the volume of air allowed into the space. These types of systems can only have DX cooling, but can have a range of heating systems. It differentiates itself from a VAV with Elec Reheat system because all supply equipment is within a single packaged unit. | |
| VAV with Electric Reheat air handling units can contain heating and/or cooling in the main unit. They partially condition the air, often to a cool temperature of around 55F, and then distribute it throughout the building. Supply air is routed through electric reheat units (also called terminal units or VAV boxes) that can heat the air up and control the volume of air allowed into the space. These types of systems can have any type of heating and cooling. | |
| Powered by electricity, natural gas, externally heated hot water, or another fuel, warm air furnaces are connected to a duct system which distributes the hot air throughout the building. They do not contain cooling, and the systems do not contain VAV terminal units. |
|
| A ventilation only unit has the task of providing fresh air to spaces in the building. It may contain heating, but most of the heating and cooling is accomplished in the rooms themselves. A ventilation only unit is a form of dedicated outdoor air system (DOAS). If a ventilation only unit is specified, then other types of heating and/or cooling must also be specified (Single Zone Units, VRF Units, or Plants). |
Other
| Description | |
|---|---|
| Powered by electricity, natural gas, externally heated hot water, or another fuel, central furnaces are connected to a duct system which distributes the hot air throughout the building. |
|
| Provides heating in the winter and cooling in the summer by absorbing and transferring heat between the inside air and the outside air. A heat pump in an air system is connected to a duct system which distributes the conditioned air throughout the house. One can differentiate this type of heating in an air handler if the pipes leading into the heating coil contain refrigerant. It can be differentiated from a VRF system if the refrigeration pipes from this heat pump and other units all lead to the same outdoor unit. | |
| An air handler with Plant heating will have a hot water coil, identifiable by hot water pipes leading in and out of it. These pipes route to/from an external hot water boiler, which needs to be defined in the Plant portion. | |
| Powered by electricity, natural gas, externally heated hot water, or another fuel, single zone central furnaces may be connected to a duct system or not, but they only serve one space in the building. |
|
| A VRF system uses the concept of a heat pump system, transferring heat between the indoor air and outdoor air. The difference is that a VRF system will have a large network of refrigeration pipes, allowing a single outdoor unit to serve multiple indoor units. VRF as the heating source for an air system means that outdoor air and (optionally) return air is heated centrally and then distributed to zones. If the heating is decentralized to the zone level, define that in the “VRF Units” section. |
No Heating
A device that consumes energy to heat water for direct human use.
General
The “percent served” parameter corresponds to the percent of the building that contains zone-level radiators, convectors or fan coil units which use the hot water directly. If the hot water loop serves only air handing units, then “Percent served” should be 0.
| Description | |
|---|---|
| Electricity or the burning of a fossil fuel is used to heat water, which is pumped through pipes to air handling units and/or radiators throughout the building (aka hydronic heat system) including radiant floor systems. A boiler system can be combined with the domestic hot water system to provide potable hot water in addition to space heating.
|
|
| Ground source heat pumps exchange heat between the ground or ground water and the water loop serving the building. They are a very efficient source of heating because the ground provides a stable temperature, even in very cold or warm seasons. | |
| District heating is accomplished by a connection to a system external to the building. Hot water or steam is generated outside the building and routed to the building in pipes. There is a heat exchanger in the building that heats the building’s water using the external loop. |
| Description | |
|---|---|
| Packaged AC Units are rooftop units or air handling units that contain a fan, cooling cool, and (optionally) a fossil fuel or electric resistance heating coil, all in one unit. The unit also contains the condensing unit for the cooling coil. The fan can either be variable or constant speed, but it serves a system without reheat coils. If the system contains reheat coils, use one of the options with “Reheat”. | |
| Packaged heat pumps are rooftop units or air handling units that contain a fan and conditioning coil in one unit. In warmer climates, the refrigerant cycle for the coil can be reversible to also provide cooling. The unit also contains the condensing/evaporating coil for the heat pump. The fan can either be variable or constant speed, but it serves a system without reheat coils. If the system contains reheat coils, use one of the options with “Reheat”. | |
| Packaged VAV with Hot Water Reheat systems can contain heating and/or cooling in the main unit. They partially condition the air, often to a cool temperature of around 55F, and then distribute it throughout the building. Supply air is routed through hot water reheat units (also called terminal units or VAV boxes) that can heat the air up and control the volume of air allowed into the space. These types of systems can only have DX cooling, but can have a range of heating systems. | |
| Packaged VAV with Electric Reheat systems can contain heating and/or cooling in the main unit. They partially condition the air, often to a cool temperature of around 55F, and then distribute it throughout the building. Supply air is routed through electric reheat units (also called terminal units or VAV boxes) that can heat the air up and control the volume of air allowed into the space. These types of systems can only have DX cooling, but can have a range of heating systems. It differentiates itself from a VAV with Elec Reheat system because all supply equipment is within a single packaged unit. | |
| VAV with Electric Reheat air handling units can contain heating and/or cooling in the main unit. They partially condition the air, often to a cool temperature of around 55F, and then distribute it throughout the building. Supply air is routed through electric reheat units (also called terminal units or VAV boxes) that can heat the air up and control the volume of air allowed into the space. These types of systems can have any type of heating and cooling. | |
| Powered by electricity, natural gas, externally heated hot water, or another fuel, warm air furnaces are connected to a duct system which distributes the hot air throughout the building. They do not contain cooling, and the systems do not contain VAV terminal units. |
|
| A ventilation only unit has the task of providing fresh air to spaces in the building. It may contain heating, but most of the heating and cooling is accomplished in the rooms themselves. A ventilation only unit is a form of dedicated outdoor air system (DOAS). If a ventilation only unit is specified, then other types of heating and/or cooling must also be specified (Single Zone Units, VRF Units, or Plants). |
Other
| Description | |
|---|---|
| Powered by electricity, natural gas, externally heated hot water, or another fuel, central furnaces are connected to a duct system which distributes the hot air throughout the building. |
|
| Provides heating in the winter and cooling in the summer by absorbing and transferring heat between the inside air and the outside air. A heat pump in an air system is connected to a duct system which distributes the conditioned air throughout the house. One can differentiate this type of heating in an air handler if the pipes leading into the heating coil contain refrigerant. It can be differentiated from a VRF system if the refrigeration pipes from this heat pump and other units all lead to the same outdoor unit. | |
| An air handler with Plant heating will have a hot water coil, identifiable by hot water pipes leading in and out of it. These pipes route to/from an external hot water boiler, which needs to be defined in the Plant portion. | |
| Powered by electricity, natural gas, externally heated hot water, or another fuel, single zone central furnaces may be connected to a duct system or not, but they only serve one space in the building. |
|
| A VRF system uses the concept of a heat pump system, transferring heat between the indoor air and outdoor air. The difference is that a VRF system will have a large network of refrigeration pipes, allowing a single outdoor unit to serve multiple indoor units. VRF as the heating source for an air system means that outdoor air and (optionally) return air is heated centrally and then distributed to zones. If the heating is decentralized to the zone level, define that in the “VRF Units” section. |
No Heating
The illumination of the interior of a building by the use of artificial sources of light.
As an energy end use, the use of energy for commercial or institutional food preparation. Specifically, cooking that took place in a kitchen facility that was not part of a residence. It does not include employee lounge areas that are equipped with microwaves, other food preparation equipment, and/or vending machines.
A class of energy-using equipment including computers, servers, copiers, FAX machines, cash registers, printers, mainframe computer systems, typewriters, and other miscellaneous office equipment.
The provision of fresh air to a room, building, etc..
Refrigeration equipment is designed to maintain the stored items below room temperature but above the freezing point of water. This category also includes freezer equipment, which is designed to keep its contents below the freezing point of water (32 degrees Fahrenheit).
raw materials Content
| 1. Boiler in generation. | |
| 2. Boiler fuel in a combined heat. |
| 3. Process heating (e.g., kilns, furnaces, ovens, strip-heaters) |
| 4. Process cooling and refrigeration |
| 5. Machine drive (e.g., motors, pumps, etc. associated with manufacturing process |
| 6. Electrochemical processes |
Scope 1 emissions are direct greenhouse (GHG) emissions that occur from sources that are controlled or owned by an industrial organization. These include GHG emissions associated with fuel combustion in both stationary and mobile sources, such as in boilers, furnaces, vehicles, as well as pipelines and other infrastructure, through process emissions.
Direct GHG emissions from stationary (non-transport) combustion of fossil fuels at an industrial facility, such as combustion within boilers, turbines, process heating, but also end-uses like space or water heating, and appliances within a factory.
Direct GHG emissions associated with fuel combustion in owned or operated mobile sources, such as on-road vehicles (passenger vehicles, trucks) and off-road vehicles (planes, ships) or industrial equipment (construction, agricultural, etc). See transportation emissions for more.
Direct GHG emissions from any industrial refrigeration and air conditioning systems, fire suppression systems, and the purchase and release of industrial gasses for certain industries.
| Chemical | 100-Year Global Warming Potentials |
|---|---|
| HFC-23 | 14,800 |
| HFC-32 | 675 |
| HFC-125 | 3,500 |
| HFC-134a | 1,430 |
| HFC-143a | 4,470 |
| HFC-152a | 124 |
| HFC-227ea | 3,220 |
| HFC-236fa | 9,810 |
| Chemical | 100-Year Global Warming Potentials |
|---|---|
| HFC-23 | 14,800 |
| HFC-125 | 3,500 |
| HFC-134a | 1,430 |
| HFC-227ea | 3,220 |
| HFC-236fa | 9,810 |
| PFC-143 (CF4) | 7,390 |
| PFC-31-10 (C4F10) | 8,860 |
| Chemical | 100-Year Global Warming Potentials |
|---|---|
| HFC-134a | 1,430 |
| HFC-152a | 124 |
| HFC-227ea | 3,220 |
| Chemical | 100-Year Global Warming Potentials |
|---|---|
| HFC-245fa | 1,030 |
| HFC-365mfc | 794 |
| HFC-43-10mee | 1,640 |
| Chemical | 100-Year Global Warming Potentials |
|---|---|
| HFC-365mfc | 794 |
| HFC-43-10mee | 1,640 |
| PFC-51-144 (C6F14) | 9,300 |
| Chemical | 100-Year Global Warming Potentials |
|---|---|
| HFC-134a | 1,430 |
| HFC-152a | 124 |
| HFC-227ea | 3,220 |
| HFC-245fa | 1,030 |
| HFC-365mfc | 794 |
| Chemical | 100-Year Global Warming Potentials |
|---|---|
| HFC-134a | 1,430 |
| HFC-227ea | 3,220 |
| PFC-116 (C2F6) | 12,200 |
Direct GHG emissions from various sectors also have process-related sources that are specific to various industrial processes and material inputs, such as waste management, agriculture, oil and gas, manufacturing etc.
| Type | Description | |
|---|---|---|
| Cattle | Description | |
| Buffalo | Description | |
| Sheep | Description | |
| Goats | Description | |
| Camels | Description | |
| Horses | Description | |
| Mules and donkeys | Description | |
| Swine | Description | |
| Poultry | Description |
| Type | Description | |
|---|---|---|
| Cattle | Description | |
| Buffalo | Description | |
| Sheep | Description | |
| Goats | Description | |
| Camels | Description | |
| Horses | Description | |
| Mules and donkeys | Description | |
| Swine | Description | |
| Poultry | Description |
Scope 2 emissions are indirect GHG emissions associated with the purchase of electricity, steam, heat, or cooling and other non-process industrial usage. While scope 2 emissions occur at the industrial facility where they are physically generated (power plants or heating units), they are often accounted for in an organization’s GHG inventory because they are a result of that organization’s energy consumption within industrial locations.
Usually either purchased (in kWh or MWh) from a utility or an energy supplier and delivered to the industrial plant. Onsite combustion of fossil fuels to convert to electricity via plants owned by the organization will be counted as their stationary combustion, and thus scope 1.
Usually purchased from a supplier by the industrial location in weight or BTUs, often with power generation. Steam capacity is often transferred for use in industrial buildings, for non-process use, such as for cooking, but also in industrial applications, such as in turbines. If the combustion leading to the steam is conducted in equipment owned by the industrial organization, the fuel source being used would be counted as their scope 1 emissions.
Usually purchased from a supplier in weight or BTUs, often with power (co)generation, and delivered to the industrial plant. The heat generated in such centralized locations is distributed through a system of insulated pipes for an industrial facility's heating requirements such as space heating or water heating. If the biomass, fossil-fuel or renewable energy-based co-generation plant is owned by the organization, the fuel usage will be reported as their scope 1 stationary emissions.
A district cooling system uses water chilled by cooling plants (chillers or residual heat for cooling) which travels from the upstream plant to the industrial facility, such as to cool the space. Fossil or renewable feedstock used in these systems, if owned by the industrial organization, would be reported as their scope 1 emissions.
Question C7.4 only applies to organizations with activities in the following sectors:
- Agricultural commodities
- Food, beverage & tobacco
- Paper & forestry
- Coal
- Electric utilities
- Oil and gas
- Cement
- Chemical
- Metals and mining
- Steel
- Transport OEMs
- Transport services
Question C-CE7.7/C-CH7.7/C-CO7.7/C-MM7.7/C-OG7.7/C-ST7.7/C-TO7.7/C-TS7.7 only applies to organizations with activities in the following sectors:
- Cement
- Chemicals
- Coal
- Metals & mining
- Oil & gas
- Steel
- Transport OEMS
- Transport services
Question C7.8 only applies to organizations with activities in the following sectors:
- Chemicals
- Transport manufacturers
Scope 1 emissions are direct greenhouse (GHG) emissions that occur from mobile sources that are controlled or owned by an organization. These include GHG emissions associated with fuel combustion in mobile on-road and off-road sources.
Direct GHG emissions associated with fuel combustion in owned or operated mobile sources, such as on-road vehicles (passenger vehicles, trucks) and off-road vehicles (planes, ships) or equipment (construction, agricultural, etc).
| Vehicle Type | Vehicle Year | CO2 Factor(kg / scf) | CH4 Factor (g / mile) | N2O Factor (g / mile) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CNG Light-Duty Vehicles | 0.05444 | 0.737 | 0.050 | |
| CNG Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles | 0.05444 | 1.966 | 0.175 |
| Vehicle Type | CO2 Factor(kg / scf) | CH4 Factor (g / mile) | N2O Factor (g / mile) |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNG Buses | 0.05444 | 1.966 | 0.175 |
| Vehicle Type | Vehicle Year | CO2 Factor(kg / gallon) | CH4 Factor (g / mile) | N2O Factor (g / mile) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diesel Passenger Cars | 1960-1982 | 10.21 | 0.0006 | 0.0012 |
| 1983-1995 | 10.21 | 0.0005 | 0.001 | |
| 1996-present | 10.21 | 0.0005 | 0.001 | |
| Diesel Light-Duty Trucks | 1960-1982 | 10.21 | 0.0011 | 0.0017 |
| 1983-1995 | 10.21 | 0.0009 | 0.0014 | |
| 1996-present | 10.21 | 0.001 | 0.0015 | |
| Diesel Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles | 1960-present | 10.21 | 0.0051 | 0.0048 |
| Vehicle Type | CO2 Factor(kg / gallon) | CH4 Factor (g / gallon) | N2O Factor (g / gallon) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Diesel Ships and Boats | 10.21 | 0.06 | 0.45 |
| Vehicle Type | CO2 Factor(kg / gallon) | CH4 Factor (g / gallon) | N2O Factor (g / gallon) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Diesel Locomotives | 10.21 | 0.80 | 0.26 |
| Vehicle Type | CO2 Factor(kg / gallon) | CH4 Factor (g / gallon) | N2O Factor (g / gallon) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aviation Gasoline Aircraft | 8.31 | 7.06 | 0.11 |
| Vehicle Type | Year | CO2 Factor(kg / gallon) | CH4 Factor (g / mile) | N2O Factor (g+C64+H64:K+H64:K120 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gasoline Passenger Cars | 1973-74 | 8.78 | 0.1696 | 0.0197 |
| 1975 | 8.78 | 0.1423 | 0.0443 | |
| 1976-77 | 8.78 | 0.1406 | 0.0458 | |
| 1978-79 | 8.78 | 0.1389 | 0.0473 | |
| 1980 | 8.78 | 0.1326 | 0.0499 | |
| 1981 | 8.78 | 0.0802 | 0.0626 | |
| 1982 | 8.78 | 0.0795 | 0.0627 | |
| 1983 | 8.78 | 0.0782 | 0.063 | |
| 1984-93 | 8.78 | 0.0704 | 0.0647 | |
| 1994 | 8.78 | 0.0531 | 0.056 | |
| 1995 | 8.78 | 0.0358 | 0.0473 | |
| 1996 | 8.78 | 0.0272 | 0.0426 | |
| 1997 | 8.78 | 0.0268 | 0.0422 | |
| 1998 | 8.78 | 0.0241 | 0.0379 | |
| 1999 | 8.78 | 0.0216 | 0.0337 | |
| 2000 | 8.78 | 0.0178 | 0.0273 | |
| 2001 | 8.78 | 0.011 | 0.0158 | |
| 2002 | 8.78 | 0.0107 | 0.0153 | |
| 2003 | 8.78 | 0.0115 | 0.0133 | |
| 2004 | 8.78 | 0.0157 | 0.0063 | |
| 2005 | 8.78 | 0.0164 | 0.0051 | |
| 2006 | 8.78 | 0.0161 | 0.0057 | |
| 2007 | 8.78 | 0.017 | 0.0041 | |
| 2008 | 8.78 | 0.0172 | 0.0038 | |
| 2009-present | 8.78 | 0.0173 | 0.0036 | |
| Gasoline Light-Duty Trucks | 1973-74 | 8.78 | 0.1908 | 0.0218 |
| (Vans, Pickup Trucks, SUVs) | 1975 | 8.78 | 0.1634 | 0.0513 |
| 1976 | 8.78 | 0.1594 | 0.0555 | |
| 1977-78 | 8.78 | 0.1614 | 0.0534 | |
| 1979-80 | 8.78 | 0.1594 | 0.0555 | |
| 1981 | 8.78 | 0.1479 | 0.066 | |
| 1982 | 8.78 | 0.1442 | 0.0681 | |
| 1983 | 8.78 | 0.1368 | 0.0722 | |
| 1984 | 8.78 | 0.1294 | 0.0764 | |
| 1985 | 8.78 | 0.122 | 0.0806 | |
| 1986 | 8.78 | 0.1146 | 0.0848 | |
| 1987-93 | 8.78 | 0.0813 | 0.1035 | |
| 1994 | 8.78 | 0.0646 | 0.0982 | |
| 1995 | 8.78 | 0.0517 | 0.0908 | |
| 1996 | 8.78 | 0.0452 | 0.0871 | |
| 1997 | 8.78 | 0.0452 | 0.0871 | |
| 1998 | 8.78 | 0.0412 | 0.0778 | |
| 1999 | 8.78 | 0.0333 | 0.0593 | |
| 2000 | 8.78 | 0.034 | 0.0607 | |
| 2001 | 8.78 | 0.0221 | 0.0328 | |
| 2002 | 8.78 | 0.0242 | 0.0378 | |
| 2003 | 8.78 | 0.0225 | 0.033 | |
| 2004 | 8.78 | 0.0162 | 0.0098 | |
| 2005 | 8.78 | 0.016 | 0.0081 | |
| 2006 | 8.78 | 0.0159 | 0.0088 | |
| 2007 | 8.78 | 0.0161 | 0.0079 | |
| 2008-present | 8.78 | 0.0163 | 0.0066 | |
| Gasoline Heavy-Duty Vehicles | <1981 | 8.78 | 0.4604 | 0.0497 |
| 1982-84 | 8.78 | 0.4492 | 0.0538 | |
| 1985-86 | 8.78 | 0.409 | 0.0515 | |
| 1987 | 8.78 | 0.3675 | 0.0849 | |
| 1988-1989 | 8.78 | 0.3492 | 0.0933 | |
| 1990-1995 | 8.78 | 0.3246 | 0.1142 | |
| 1996 | 8.78 | 0.1278 | 0.168 | |
| 1997 | 8.78 | 0.0924 | 0.1726 | |
| 1998 | 8.78 | 0.0655 | 0.175 | |
| 1999 | 8.78 | 0.0648 | 0.17214 | |
| 2000 | 8.78 | 0.063 | 0.16499 | |
| 2001 | 8.78 | 0.0578 | 0.14354 | |
| 2002 | 8.78 | 0.0634 | 0.16642 | |
| 2003 | 8.78 | 0.0603 | 0.153364 | |
| 2004 | 8.78 | 0.0323 | 0.019538 | |
| 2005 | 8.78 | 0.0329 | 0.01619 | |
| 2006 | 8.78 | 0.0318 | 0.0227 | |
| 2007 | 8.78 | 0.0333 | 0.0134 | |
| 2008-present | 8.78 | 0.0333 | 0.0134 | |
| Gasoline Motorcycles | 1960-1995 | 8.78 | 0.0899 | 0.0087 |
| 1996-present | 8.78 | 0.0672 | 0.0069 |
Source:
EPA (2017) Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2015. All values are calculated from Tables A-104 through A-110.
| Vehicle Type | CO2 Factor(kg / gallon) | CH4 Factor (g / gallon) | N2O Factor (g / gallon) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gasoline Ships and Boats | 8.78 | 0.64 | 0.22 |
| Vehicle Type | CO2 Factor(kg / gallon) | CH4 Factor (g / gallon) | N2O Factor (g / gallon) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Residual Fuel Oil Ships and Boats | 11.27 | 0.11 | 0.57 |
| Vehicle Type | CO2 Factor(kg / gallon) | CH4 Factor (g / gallon) | N2O Factor (g / gallon) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jet Fuel Aircraft | 9.75 | 0.00 | 0.30 |
| Vehicle Type | Vehicle Year | CO2 Factor(kg / gallon) | CH4 Factor (g / mile) | N2O Factor (g / mile) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LNG Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles | 4.5 | 1.966 | 0.175 |
| Vehicle Type | Vehicle Year | CO2 Factor(kg / gallon) | CH4 Factor (g / mile) | N2O Factor (g / mile) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LPG Light-Duty Vehicles | 5.68 | 0.037 | 0.067 | |
| LPG Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles | 5.68 | 0.066 | 0.175 |
| Vehicle Type | Vehicle Year | CO2 Factor(kg / gallon) | CH4 Factor (g / mile) | N2O Factor (g / mile) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Biodiesel Light-Duty Vehicles | 9.45 | 0.0005 | 0.001 | |
| Biodiesel Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles | 9.45 | 0.005 | 0.005 |
| Vehicle Type | CO2 Factor(kg / gallon) | CH4 Factor (g / mile) | N2O Factor (g / mile) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Biodiesel Buses | 9.45 | 0.005 | 0.005 |
| Vehicle Type | Vehicle Year | CO2 Factor(kg / gallon) | CH4 Factor (g / mile) | N2O Factor (g / mile) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ethanol Light-Duty Vehicles | 5.75 | 0.055 | 0.067 | |
| Ethanol Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles | 5.75 | 0.197 | 0.175 |
| Vehicle Type | CO2 Factor(kg / gallon) | CH4 Factor (g / mile) | N2O Factor (g / mile) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ethanol Buses | 5.75 | 0.197 | 0.175 |
| Type | Unit | kg CO2e | kg CO2 | kg CH4 | kg N2O |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Regular taxi | passenger.km | 0.1502 | 0.1489 | 0.00000308 | 0.0013 |
| Regular taxi | km | 0.2102 | 0.2084 | 0.00000432 | 0.0018 |
| Black cab | passenger.km | 0.2118 | 0.2105 | 0.00000288 | 0.0012 |
| Black cab | km | 0.3176 | 0.3158 | 0.00000432 | 0.0018 |
| Type | Unit | kg CO2e | kg CO2 | kg CH4 | kg N2O |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mini | km | 0.11009 | 0.10825 | 0.00000432 | 0.00184 |
| Mini | miles | 0.17719 | 0.17421 | 0.00001 | 0.00297 |
| Supermini | km | 0.13449 | 0.13265 | 0.00000432 | 0.00184 |
| Supermini | miles | 0.21647 | 0.21349 | 0.00001 | 0.00297 |
| Lower medium | km | 0.14691 | 0.14507 | 0.00000432 | 0.00184 |
| Lower medium | miles | 0.23644 | 0.23346 | 0.00001 | 0.00297 |
| Upper medium | km | 0.16533 | 0.16349 | 0.00000432 | 0.00184 |
| Upper medium | miles | 0.2661 | 0.26312 | 0.00001 | 0.00297 |
| Executive | km | 0.17525 | 0.17341 | 0.00000432 | 0.00184 |
| Executive | miles | 0.28206 | 0.27908 | 0.00001 | 0.00297 |
| Luxury | km | 0.21286 | 0.21102 | 0.00000432 | 0.00184 |
| Luxury | miles | 0.34258 | 0.3396 | 0.00001 | 0.00297 |
| Sports | km | 0.17332 | 0.17148 | 0.00000432 | 0.00184 |
| Sports | miles | 0.27895 | 0.27597 | 0.00001 | 0.00297 |
| Dual purpose 4X4 | km | 0.20257 | 0.20073 | 0.00000432 | 0.00184 |
| Dual purpose 4X4 | miles | 0.32602 | 0.32304 | 0.00001 | 0.00297 |
| MPV | km | 0.18101 | 0.17917 | 0.00000432 | 0.00184 |
| MPV | miles | 0.29133 | 0.28835 | 0.00001 | 0.00297 |
| Type | Unit | kg CO2e | kg CO2 | kg CH4 | kg N2O |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mini | km | 0.13975 | 0.13905 | 0.00032 | 0.00038 |
| Mini | miles | 0.2249 | 0.22378 | 0.00051 | 0.00061 |
| Supermini | km | 0.15538 | 0.15468 | 0.00032 | 0.00038 |
| Supermini | miles | 0.25006 | 0.24894 | 0.00051 | 0.00061 |
| Lower medium | km | 0.18008 | 0.17938 | 0.00032 | 0.00038 |
| Lower medium | miles | 0.2898 | 0.28868 | 0.00051 | 0.00061 |
| Upper medium | km | 0.20792 | 0.20722 | 0.00032 | 0.00038 |
| Upper medium | miles | 0.33461 | 0.33349 | 0.00051 | 0.00061 |
| Executive | km | 0.23659 | 0.23589 | 0.00032 | 0.00038 |
| Executive | miles | 0.38075 | 0.37963 | 0.00051 | 0.00061 |
| Luxury | km | 0.33566 | 0.33496 | 0.00032 | 0.00038 |
| Luxury | miles | 0.54019 | 0.53907 | 0.00051 | 0.00061 |
| Sports | km | 0.246 | 0.2453 | 0.00032 | 0.00038 |
| Sports | miles | 0.3959 | 0.39478 | 0.00051 | 0.00061 |
| Dual purpose 4X4 | km | 0.23663 | 0.23593 | 0.00032 | 0.00038 |
| Dual purpose 4X4 | miles | 0.38081 | 0.37969 | 0.00051 | 0.00061 |
| MPV | km | 0.1994 | 0.1987 | 0.00032 | 0.00038 |
| MPV | miles | 0.32089 | 0.31977 | 0.00051 | 0.00061 |
| Type | Unit | kg CO2e | kg CO2 | kg CH4 | kg N2O |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mini | km | 0.13958 | 0.13887 | 0.00032 | 0.00039 |
| Mini | miles | 0.22463 | 0.22349 | 0.00051 | 0.00063 |
| Supermini | km | 0.15241 | 0.15155 | 0.00027 | 0.00059 |
| Supermini | miles | 0.24528 | 0.24389 | 0.00044 | 0.00095 |
| Lower medium | km | 0.16362 | 0.16235 | 0.00016 | 0.00111 |
| Lower medium | miles | 0.26332 | 0.26128 | 0.00026 | 0.00178 |
| Upper medium | km | 0.17537 | 0.17379 | 0.00008 | 0.0015 |
| Upper medium | miles | 0.28223 | 0.27969 | 0.00013 | 0.00241 |
| Executive | km | 0.18909 | 0.1875 | 0.00008 | 0.00151 |
| Executive | miles | 0.30432 | 0.30176 | 0.00012 | 0.00244 |
| Luxury | km | 0.26919 | 0.26787 | 0.00015 | 0.00117 |
| Luxury | miles | 0.43322 | 0.43109 | 0.00024 | 0.00189 |
| Sports | km | 0.23441 | 0.23353 | 0.00027 | 0.00061 |
| Sports | miles | 0.37724 | 0.37582 | 0.00043 | 0.00099 |
| Dual purpose 4X4 | km | 0.20925 | 0.20762 | 0.00007 | 0.00156 |
| Dual purpose 4X4 | miles | 0.33675 | 0.33413 | 0.00011 | 0.00251 |
| MPV | km | 0.1861 | 0.18457 | 0.00009 | 0.00144 |
| MPV | miles | 0.29951 | 0.29704 | 0.00015 | 0.00232 |
| Type | Unit | kg CO2e | kg CO2 | kg CH4 | kg N2O |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Supermini | km | 0.02935 | 0.02918 | 0.00009 | 0.00008 |
| Supermini | miles | 0.04723 | 0.04696 | 0.00014 | 0.00013 |
| Lower medium | km | 0.064 | 0.06362 | 0.0002 | 0.00018 |
| Lower medium | miles | 0.10299 | 0.10238 | 0.00032 | 0.00029 |
| Upper medium | km | 0.07429 | 0.07383 | 0.00022 | 0.00024 |
| Upper medium | miles | 0.11955 | 0.11882 | 0.00035 | 0.00038 |
| Executive | km | 0.07546 | 0.07502 | 0.00023 | 0.00021 |
| Executive | miles | 0.12144 | 0.12073 | 0.00037 | 0.00034 |
| Luxury | km | 0.09634 | 0.09577 | 0.0003 | 0.00027 |
| Luxury | miles | 0.15504 | 0.15413 | 0.00047 | 0.00044 |
| Sports | km | 0.07981 | 0.07935 | 0.00024 | 0.00022 |
| Sports | miles | 0.12845 | 0.1277 | 0.00039 | 0.00036 |
| Dual purpose 4X4 | km | 0.07626 | 0.07581 | 0.00023 | 0.00022 |
| Dual purpose 4X4 | miles | 0.12273 | 0.122 | 0.00037 | 0.00036 |
| Type | Unit | kg CO2e | kg CO2 | kg CH4 | kg N2O |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mini | km | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Mini | miles | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Supermini | km | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Supermini | miles | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Lower medium | km | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Lower medium | miles | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Upper medium | km | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Upper medium | miles | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Luxury | km | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Luxury | miles | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Sports | km | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Sports | miles | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Dual purpose 4X4 | km | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Dual purpose 4X4 | miles | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| MPV | km | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| MPV | miles | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Type | Unit | kg CO2e | kg CO2 | kg CH4 | kg N2O |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Small car | km | 0.14208 | 0.14024 | 0.00000432 | 0.00184 |
| Small car | miles | 0.22868 | 0.2257 | 0.00001 | 0.00297 |
| Medium car | km | 0.17061 | 0.16877 | 0.00000432 | 0.00184 |
| Medium car | miles | 0.27459 | 0.27161 | 0.00001 | 0.00297 |
| Large car | km | 0.20947 | 0.20763 | 0.00000432 | 0.00184 |
| Large car | miles | 0.33713 | 0.33415 | 0.00001 | 0.00297 |
| Average car | km | 0.17336 | 0.17152 | 0.00000432 | 0.00184 |
| Average car | miles | 0.27901 | 0.27603 | 0.00001 | 0.00297 |
| Type | Unit | kg CO2e | kg CO2 | kg CH4 | kg N2O |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Small car | km | 0.15371 | 0.15301 | 0.00032 | 0.00038 |
| Small car | miles | 0.24736 | 0.24624 | 0.00051 | 0.00061 |
| Medium car | km | 0.19228 | 0.19158 | 0.00032 | 0.00038 |
| Medium car | miles | 0.30945 | 0.30833 | 0.00051 | 0.00061 |
| Large car | km | 0.28295 | 0.28225 | 0.00032 | 0.00038 |
| Large car | miles | 0.45536 | 0.45424 | 0.00051 | 0.00061 |
| Average car | km | 0.18084 | 0.18014 | 0.00032 | 0.00038 |
| Average car | miles | 0.29103 | 0.28991 | 0.00051 | 0.00061 |
| Type | Unit | kg CO2e | kg CO2 | kg CH4 | kg N2O |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Small car | km | 0.1052 | 0.10409 | 0.00021 | 0.0009 |
| Small car | miles | 0.1693 | 0.16752 | 0.00033 | 0.00145 |
| Medium car | km | 0.10895 | 0.10764 | 0.00015 | 0.00116 |
| Medium car | miles | 0.17534 | 0.17323 | 0.00024 | 0.00187 |
| Large car | km | 0.13177 | 0.13022 | 0.00009 | 0.00146 |
| Large car | miles | 0.21207 | 0.20957 | 0.00014 | 0.00236 |
| Average car | km | 0.11473 | 0.11346 | 0.00016 | 0.00111 |
| Average car | miles | 0.18464 | 0.18259 | 0.00026 | 0.00179 |
| Type | Unit | kg CO2e | kg CO2 | kg CH4 | kg N2O |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Medium car | km | 0.16176 | 0.15972 | 0.00159 | 0.00045 |
| Medium car | miles | 0.26034 | 0.25705 | 0.00257 | 0.00072 |
| Large car | km | 0.23735 | 0.23531 | 0.00159 | 0.00045 |
| Large car | miles | 0.38198 | 0.37869 | 0.00257 | 0.00072 |
| Average car | km | 0.17803 | 0.17599 | 0.00159 | 0.00045 |
| Average car | miles | 0.28653 | 0.28324 | 0.00257 | 0.00072 |
| Type | Unit | kg CO2e | kg CO2 | kg CH4 | kg N2O |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Medium car | km | 0.18066 | 0.18016 | 0.00005 | 0.00045 |
| Medium car | miles | 0.29073 | 0.28993 | 0.00008 | 0.00072 |
| Large car | km | 0.26591 | 0.26541 | 0.00005 | 0.00045 |
| Large car | miles | 0.42794 | 0.42714 | 0.00008 | 0.00072 |
| Average car | km | 0.19901 | 0.19851 | 0.00005 | 0.00045 |
| Average car | miles | 0.32027 | 0.31947 | 0.00008 | 0.00072 |
| Type | Unit | kg CO2e | kg CO2 | kg CH4 | kg N2O |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Small car | km | 0.14958 | 0.14847 | 0.00021 | 0.0009 |
| Small car | miles | 0.24072 | 0.23894 | 0.00033 | 0.00145 |
| Medium car | km | 0.18071 | 0.1794 | 0.00015 | 0.00116 |
| Medium car | miles | 0.29082 | 0.28871 | 0.00024 | 0.00187 |
| Large car | km | 0.22857 | 0.22702 | 0.00009 | 0.00146 |
| Large car | miles | 0.36785 | 0.36535 | 0.00014 | 0.00236 |
| Average car | km | 0.1771 | 0.17583 | 0.00016 | 0.00111 |
| Average car | miles | 0.28502 | 0.28297 | 0.00026 | 0.00179 |
| Type | Unit | kg CO2e | kg CO2 | kg CH4 | kg N2O |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Small car | km | 0.02935 | 0.02918 | 0.00009 | 0.00008 |
| Small car | miles | 0.04723 | 0.04696 | 0.00014 | 0.00013 |
| Medium car | km | 0.07083 | 0.0704 | 0.00021 | 0.00022 |
| Medium car | miles | 0.11399 | 0.1133 | 0.00034 | 0.00035 |
| Large car | km | 0.07731 | 0.07685 | 0.00024 | 0.00022 |
| Large car | miles | 0.12442 | 0.12368 | 0.00038 | 0.00036 |
| Average car | km | 0.07075 | 0.07033 | 0.00021 | 0.00021 |
| Average car | miles | 0.11386 | 0.11318 | 0.00034 | 0.00034 |
| Type | Unit | kg CO2e | kg CO2 | kg CH4 | kg N2O |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Small car | km | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Small car | miles | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Medium car | km | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Medium car | miles | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Large car | km | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Large car | miles | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Average car | km | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Average car | miles | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Vehicle Type | CO2 Factor (kg / vehicle-mile) | CH4 Factor (g / vehicle-mile) | N2O Factor (g / vehicle-mile) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Passenger Car | 0.343 | 0.019 | 0.011 |
| Light-Duty Truck | 0.472 | 0.019 | 0.018 |
| Vehicle Type | CO2 Factor (kg / vehicle-mile) | CH4 Factor (g / vehicle-mile) | N2O Factor (g / vehicle-mile) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Passenger Car | 0.343 | 0.019 | 0.011 |
| Light-Duty Truck | 0.472 | 0.019 | 0.018 |
| Vehicle Type | CO2 Factor (kg / vehicle-mile) | CH4 Factor (g / vehicle-mile) | N2O Factor (g / vehicle-mile) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Medium- and Heavy-Duty Truck | 1.467 | 0.014 | 0.010 |
| Passenger Car | 0.343 | 0.019 | 0.011 |
| Light-Duty Truck | 0.472 | 0.019 | 0.018 |
| Vehicle Type | CO2 Factor (kg / ton-mile) | CH4 Factor (g / ton-mile) | N2O Factor (g / ton-mile) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Medium- and Heavy-Duty Truck | 0.202 | 0.0020 | 0.0015 |
| Vehicle Type | CO2 Factor (kg / vehicle-mile) | CH4 Factor (g / vehicle-mile) | N2O Factor (g / vehicle-mile) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Medium- and Heavy-Duty Truck | 1.467 | 0.014 | 0.010 |
| Passenger Car | 0.343 | 0.019 | 0.011 |
| Light-Duty Truck | 0.472 | 0.019 | 0.018 |
| Vehicle Type | CO2 Factor (kg / ton-mile) | CH4 Factor (g / ton-mile) | N2O Factor (g / ton-mile) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Medium- and Heavy-Duty Truck | 0.202 | 0.0020 | 0.0015 |
Source:
CO2, CH4, and N2O emissions data for highway vehicles are from Table 2-13 of the Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990–2015. Vehicle-miles and passenger-miles data for highway vehicles are from Table VM-1 of the Federal Highway Administration Highway Statistics 2015. Fuel consumption data and passenger-miles data for rail are from Tables A.14 to A.16 and 9.10 to 9.12 of the Transportation Energy Data Book: Edition 35. Fuel consumption was converted to emissions by using fuel and electricity emission factors presented in the tables above. Air Travel factors from 2017 Guidelines to Defra / DECC's GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting. Version 1.0 August 2017.
Note:
A Passenger car: includes passenger cars, minivans, SUVs, and small pickup trucks (vehicles with wheelbase less than 121 inches).
B Light-duty truck: includes full-size pickup trucks, full-size vans, and extended-length SUVs (vehicles with wheelbase greater than 121 inches).
| Vehicle Type | Vehicle Year | CO2 Factor(kg / scf) | CH4 Factor(g / mile) | N2O Factor(g / mile) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CNG Light-Duty Vehicles | 0.05444 | 0.737 | 0.05 | |
| CNG Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles | 0.05444 | 1.966 | 0.175 |
| Vehicle Type | Vehicle Year | CO2 Factor(kg / gallon) | CH4 Factor(g / mile) | N2O Factor(g / mile) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diesel Passenger Cars | 1960-1982 | 10.21 | 0.0006 | 0.0012 |
| Diesel Passenger Cars | 1983-1995 | 10.21 | 0.0005 | 0.001 |
| Diesel Passenger Cars | 1996-present | 10.21 | 0.0005 | 0.001 |
| Diesel Light-Duty Trucks | 1960-1982 | 10.21 | 0.0011 | 0.0017 |
| Diesel Light-Duty Trucks | 1983-1995 | 10.21 | 0.0009 | 0.0014 |
| Diesel Light-Duty Trucks | 1996-present | 10.21 | 0.001 | 0.0015 |
| Diesel Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles | 1960-present | 10.21 | 0.0051 | 0.0048 |
| LNG Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles | 4.5 | 1.966 | 0.175 | |
| LPG Light-Duty Vehicles | 5.68 | 0.037 | 0.067 | |
| LPG Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles | 5.68 | 0.066 | 0.175 |
| Vehicle Type | Vehicle Year | CO2 Factor(kg / gallon) | CH4 Factor(g / mile) | N2O Factor(g / mile) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Biodiesel Light-Duty Vehicles | 9.45 | 0.0005 | 0.001 | |
| Biodiesel Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles | 9.45 | 0.005 | 0.005 | |
| Ethanol Light-Duty Vehicles | 5.75 | 0.055 | 0.067 | |
| Ethanol Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles | 5.75 | 0.197 | 0.175 |
| Vehicle Type | Vehicle Year | CO2 Factor(kg / gallon) | CH4 Factor(g / mile) | N2O Factor(g / mile) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Biodiesel Light-Duty Vehicles | 9.45 | 0.0005 | 0.001 | |
| Biodiesel Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles | 9.45 | 0.005 | 0.005 | |
| CNG Light-Duty Vehicles | 0.05444 kg/scf | 0.737 | 0.05 | |
| CNG Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles | 0.05444 kg/scf | 1.966 | 0.175 | |
| Diesel Passenger Cars | 1960-1982 | 10.21 | 0.0006 | 0.0012 |
| Diesel Passenger Cars | 1983-1995 | 10.21 | 0.0005 | 0.001 |
| Diesel Passenger Cars | 1996-present | 10.21 | 0.0005 | 0.001 |
| Diesel Light-Duty Trucks | 1960-1982 | 10.21 | 0.0011 | 0.0017 |
| Diesel Light-Duty Trucks | 1983-1995 | 10.21 | 0.0009 | 0.0014 |
| Diesel Light-Duty Trucks | 1996-present | 10.21 | 0.001 | 0.0015 |
| Diesel Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles | 1960-present | 10.21 | 0.0051 | 0.0048 |
| Ethanol Light-Duty Vehicles | 5.75 | 0.055 | 0.067 | |
| Ethanol Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles | 5.75 | 0.197 | 0.175 | |
| LNG Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles | 4.5 | 1.966 | 0.175 | |
| LPG Light-Duty Vehicles | 5.68 | 0.037 | 0.067 | |
| LPG Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles | 5.68 | 0.066 | 0.175 | |
| Gasoline Passenger Cars | 1973-74 | 8.78 | 0.1696 | 0.0197 |
| Gasoline Passenger Cars | 1975 | 8.78 | 0.1423 | 0.0443 |
| Gasoline Passenger Cars | 1976-77 | 8.78 | 0.1406 | 0.0458 |
| Gasoline Passenger Cars | 1978-79 | 8.78 | 0.1389 | 0.0473 |
| Gasoline Passenger Cars | 1980 | 8.78 | 0.1326 | 0.0499 |
| Gasoline Passenger Cars | 1981 | 8.78 | 0.0802 | 0.0626 |
| Gasoline Passenger Cars | 1982 | 8.78 | 0.0795 | 0.0627 |
| Gasoline Passenger Cars | 1983 | 8.78 | 0.0782 | 0.063 |
| Gasoline Passenger Cars | 1984-93 | 8.78 | 0.0704 | 0.0647 |
| Gasoline Passenger Cars | 1994 | 8.78 | 0.0531 | 0.056 |
| Gasoline Passenger Cars | 1995 | 8.78 | 0.0358 | 0.0473 |
| Gasoline Passenger Cars | 1996 | 8.78 | 0.0272 | 0.0426 |
| Gasoline Passenger Cars | 1997 | 8.78 | 0.0268 | 0.0422 |
| Gasoline Passenger Cars | 1998 | 8.78 | 0.0241 | 0.0379 |
| Gasoline Passenger Cars | 1999 | 8.78 | 0.0216 | 0.0337 |
| Gasoline Passenger Cars | 2000 | 8.78 | 0.0178 | 0.0273 |
| Gasoline Passenger Cars | 2001 | 8.78 | 0.011 | 0.0158 |
| Gasoline Passenger Cars | 2002 | 8.78 | 0.0107 | 0.0153 |
| Gasoline Passenger Cars | 2003 | 8.78 | 0.0115 | 0.0133 |
| Gasoline Passenger Cars | 2004 | 8.78 | 0.0157 | 0.0063 |
| Gasoline Passenger Cars | 2005 | 8.78 | 0.0164 | 0.0051 |
| Gasoline Passenger Cars | 2006 | 8.78 | 0.0161 | 0.0057 |
| Gasoline Passenger Cars | 2007 | 8.78 | 0.017 | 0.0041 |
| Gasoline Passenger Cars | 2008 | 8.78 | 0.0172 | 0.0038 |
| Gasoline Passenger Cars | 2009-present | 8.78 | 0.0173 | 0.0036 |
| Gasoline Light-Duty Trucks (Vans, Pickup Trucks, SUVs) | 1973-74 | 8.78 | 0.1908 | 0.0218 |
| Gasoline Light-Duty Trucks (Vans, Pickup Trucks, SUVs) | 1975 | 8.78 | 0.1634 | 0.0513 |
| Gasoline Light-Duty Trucks (Vans, Pickup Trucks, SUVs) | 1976 | 8.78 | 0.1594 | 0.0555 |
| Gasoline Light-Duty Trucks (Vans, Pickup Trucks, SUVs) | 1977-78 | 8.78 | 0.1614 | 0.0534 |
| Gasoline Light-Duty Trucks (Vans, Pickup Trucks, SUVs) | 1979-80 | 8.78 | 0.1594 | 0.0555 |
| Gasoline Light-Duty Trucks (Vans, Pickup Trucks, SUVs) | 1981 | 8.78 | 0.1479 | 0.066 |
| Gasoline Light-Duty Trucks (Vans, Pickup Trucks, SUVs) | 1982 | 8.78 | 0.1442 | 0.0681 |
| Gasoline Light-Duty Trucks (Vans, Pickup Trucks, SUVs) | 1983 | 8.78 | 0.1368 | 0.0722 |
| Gasoline Light-Duty Trucks (Vans, Pickup Trucks, SUVs) | 1984 | 8.78 | 0.1294 | 0.0764 |
| Gasoline Light-Duty Trucks (Vans, Pickup Trucks, SUVs) | 1985 | 8.78 | 0.122 | 0.0806 |
| Gasoline Light-Duty Trucks (Vans, Pickup Trucks, SUVs) | 1986 | 8.78 | 0.1146 | 0.0848 |
| Gasoline Light-Duty Trucks (Vans, Pickup Trucks, SUVs) | 1987-93 | 8.78 | 0.0813 | 0.1035 |
| Gasoline Light-Duty Trucks (Vans, Pickup Trucks, SUVs) | 1994 | 8.78 | 0.0646 | 0.0982 |
| Gasoline Light-Duty Trucks (Vans, Pickup Trucks, SUVs) | 1995 | 8.78 | 0.0517 | 0.0908 |
| Gasoline Light-Duty Trucks (Vans, Pickup Trucks, SUVs) | 1996 | 8.78 | 0.0452 | 0.0871 |
| Gasoline Light-Duty Trucks (Vans, Pickup Trucks, SUVs) | 1997 | 8.78 | 0.0452 | 0.0871 |
| Gasoline Light-Duty Trucks (Vans, Pickup Trucks, SUVs) | 1998 | 8.78 | 0.0412 | 0.0778 |
| Gasoline Light-Duty Trucks (Vans, Pickup Trucks, SUVs) | 1999 | 8.78 | 0.0333 | 0.0593 |
| Gasoline Light-Duty Trucks (Vans, Pickup Trucks, SUVs) | 2000 | 8.78 | 0.034 | 0.0607 |
| Gasoline Light-Duty Trucks (Vans, Pickup Trucks, SUVs) | 2001 | 8.78 | 0.0221 | 0.0328 |
| Gasoline Light-Duty Trucks (Vans, Pickup Trucks, SUVs) | 2002 | 8.78 | 0.0242 | 0.0378 |
| Gasoline Light-Duty Trucks (Vans, Pickup Trucks, SUVs) | 2003 | 8.78 | 0.0225 | 0.033 |
| Gasoline Light-Duty Trucks (Vans, Pickup Trucks, SUVs) | 2004 | 8.78 | 0.0162 | 0.0098 |
| Gasoline Light-Duty Trucks (Vans, Pickup Trucks, SUVs) | 2005 | 8.78 | 0.016 | 0.0081 |
| Gasoline Light-Duty Trucks (Vans, Pickup Trucks, SUVs) | 2006 | 8.78 | 0.0159 | 0.0088 |
| Gasoline Light-Duty Trucks (Vans, Pickup Trucks, SUVs) | 2007 | 8.78 | 0.0161 | 0.0079 |
| Gasoline Light-Duty Trucks (Vans, Pickup Trucks, SUVs) | 2008-present | 8.78 | 0.0163 | 0.0066 |
| Gasoline Heavy-Duty Vehicles | <1981 | 8.78 | 0.4604 | 0.0497 |
| Gasoline Heavy-Duty Vehicles | 1982-84 | 8.78 | 0.4492 | 0.0538 |
| Gasoline Heavy-Duty Vehicles | 1985-86 | 8.78 | 0.409 | 0.0515 |
| Gasoline Heavy-Duty Vehicles | 1987 | 8.78 | 0.3675 | 0.0849 |
| Gasoline Heavy-Duty Vehicles | 1988-1989 | 8.78 | 0.3492 | 0.0933 |
| Gasoline Heavy-Duty Vehicles | 1990-1995 | 8.78 | 0.3246 | 0.1142 |
| Gasoline Heavy-Duty Vehicles | 1996 | 8.78 | 0.1278 | 0.168 |
| Gasoline Heavy-Duty Vehicles | 1997 | 8.78 | 0.0924 | 0.1726 |
| Gasoline Heavy-Duty Vehicles | 1998 | 8.78 | 0.0655 | 0.175 |
| Gasoline Heavy-Duty Vehicles | 1999 | 8.78 | 0.0648 | 0.17214 |
| Gasoline Heavy-Duty Vehicles | 2000 | 8.78 | 0.063 | 0.16499 |
| Gasoline Heavy-Duty Vehicles | 2001 | 8.78 | 0.0578 | 0.14354 |
| Gasoline Heavy-Duty Vehicles | 2002 | 8.78 | 0.0634 | 0.16642 |
| Gasoline Heavy-Duty Vehicles | 2003 | 8.78 | 0.0603 | 0.153364 |
| Gasoline Heavy-Duty Vehicles | 2004 | 8.78 | 0.0323 | 0.019538 |
| Gasoline Heavy-Duty Vehicles | 2005 | 8.78 | 0.0329 | 0.01619 |
| Gasoline Heavy-Duty Vehicles | 2006 | 8.78 | 0.0318 | 0.0227 |
| Gasoline Heavy-Duty Vehicles | 2007 | 8.78 | 0.0333 | 0.0134 |
| Gasoline Heavy-Duty Vehicles | 2008-present | 8.78 | 0.0333 | 0.0134 |
| Gasoline Motorcycles | 1960-1995 | 8.78 | 0.0899 | 0.0087 |
| Gasoline Motorcycles | 1996-present | 8.78 | 0.0672 | 0.0069 |
Estimation functions for aviation emissions can handle different scope assumptions (1, 2 and 3) based on boundary, method and activity (fuel vs. distance, etc.) as well as coverage of gases (CO2, CH4, N2O) given below emission factors.
A50 Aviation-based fuel combustion occurring in the boundary, as well as grid-supplied energy consumed in boundary makes up Scope 1 and 2 emissions. Transboundary aviation journeys occurring outside the boundary, as well as T&D losses from grid-supplied energy consumption makes up Scope 3 emissions.
Aviation, including helicopters, domestic inter-city flights, and international flights, such as using aviation gasoline, or kerosene-based jet fuel in both household-level passenger travel, as well as commercial and private airplanes (and any overlap in between). By localizing and accessing airport API based on latitude longitude conversion and city-look-up, and estimates attributing parameters based on annual planing-deplaning statistics and emissions due to consumed fuel per passenger averages.
| Flights (by Haul) | Class | Unit | kg CO2e | kg CO2 | kg CH4 | kg N2O |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Domestic, to/from UK | Average passenger | passenger.km | 0.2549 | 0.25355 | 0.00012 | 0.0013 |
| Short-haul, to/from UK | Average passenger | passenger.km | 0.1583 | 0.15753 | 0.00001 | 0.0008 |
| Short-haul, to/from UK | Economy class | passenger.km | 0.1557 | 0.15495 | 0.00001 | 0.0008 |
| Short-haul, to/from UK | Business class | passenger.km | 0.2336 | 0.23243 | 0.00001 | 0.0012 |
| Long-haul, to/from UK | Average passenger | passenger.km | 0.1956 | 0.19464 | 0.00001 | 0.001 |
| Long-haul, to/from UK | Economy class | passenger.km | 0.1498 | 0.14906 | 0.00001 | 0.0007 |
| Long-haul, to/from UK | Premium economy class | passenger.km | 0.2397 | 0.2385 | 0.00001 | 0.0012 |
| Long-haul, to/from UK | Business class | passenger.km | 0.4345 | 0.43229 | 0.00002 | 0.0022 |
| Long-haul, to/from UK | First class | passenger.km | 0.5993 | 0.59626 | 0.00002 | 0.003 |
| International, to/from non-UK | Average passenger | passenger.km | 0.1808 | 0.17987 | 0.00001 | 0.0009 |
| International, to/from non-UK | Economy class | passenger.km | 0.1384 | 0.13775 | 0.0000053 | 0.0007 |
| International, to/from non-UK | Premium economy class | passenger.km | 0.2215 | 0.2204 | 0.00001 | 0.0011 |
| International, to/from non-UK | Business class | passenger.km | 0.4015 | 0.39948 | 0.00002 | 0.002 |
| International, to/from non-UK | First class | passenger.km | 0.5538 | 0.551 | 0.00002 | 0.0027 |
| Flights (by Haul) | Class | Unit | kg CO2e | kg CO2 | kg CH4 | kg N2O |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Domestic, to/from UK | Average passenger | passenger.km | 0.1348 | 0.13345 | 0.00012 | 0.0013 |
| Short-haul, to/from UK | Average passenger | passenger.km | 0.0837 | 0.08291 | 0.00001 | 0.0008 |
| Short-haul, to/from UK | Economy class | passenger.km | 0.0823 | 0.08155 | 0.00001 | 0.0008 |
| Short-haul, to/from UK | Business class | passenger.km | 0.1235 | 0.12233 | 0.00001 | 0.0012 |
| Long-haul, to/from UK | Average passenger | passenger.km | 0.1034 | 0.10244 | 0.00001 | 0.001 |
| Long-haul, to/from UK | Economy class | passenger.km | 0.0792 | 0.07845 | 0.00001 | 0.0007 |
| Long-haul, to/from UK | Premium economy class | passenger.km | 0.1267 | 0.12553 | 0.00001 | 0.0012 |
| Long-haul, to/from UK | Business class | passenger.km | 0.2297 | 0.22752 | 0.00002 | 0.0022 |
| Long-haul, to/from UK | First class | passenger.km | 0.3168 | 0.31382 | 0.00002 | 0.003 |
| International, to/from non-UK | Average passenger | passenger.km | 0.0956 | 0.09467 | 0.00001 | 0.0009 |
| International, to/from non-UK | Economy class | passenger.km | 0.0732 | 0.0725 | 0.0000053 | 0.0007 |
| International, to/from non-UK | Premium economy class | passenger.km | 0.1171 | 0.116 | 0.00001 | 0.0011 |
| International, to/from non-UK | Business class | passenger.km | 0.2123 | 0.21025 | 0.00002 | 0.002 |
| International, to/from non-UK | First class | passenger.km | 0.2928 | 0.29 | 0.00002 | 0.0027 |
| Vehicle Type | CO2Factor(kg / passenger-mile) | CH4Factor(g / passenger-mile) | N2OFactor(g /passenger-mile) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Air Travel -Short Haul (< 300 miles) | 0.225 | 0.0039 | 0.0072 |
| Air Travel - Medium Haul (>= 300 miles, < 2300 miles) | 0.136 | 0.0006 | 0.0043 |
| Air Travel - Long Haul (>= 2300 miles) | 0.166 | 0.0006 | 0.0053 |
| Vehicle Type | CO2Factor(kg / passenger-mile) | CH4Factor(g / passenger-mile) | N2OFactor(g /passenger-mile) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Air Travel -Short Haul (< 300 miles) | 0.225 | 0.0039 | 0.0072 |
| Air Travel - Medium Haul (>= 300 miles, < 2300 miles) | 0.136 | 0.0006 | 0.0043 |
| Air Travel - Long Haul (>= 2300 miles) | 0.166 | 0.0006 | 0.0053 |
| Vehicle Type | CO2Factor(kg / ton-mile) | CH4Factor(g / ton-mile) | N2OFactor(g / ton-mile) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aircraft | 1.308 | 0.0000 | 0.0402 |
| Vehicle Type | CO2Factor(kg / ton-mile) | CH4Factor(g / ton-mile) | N2OFactor(g / ton-mile) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aircraft | 1.308 | 0.0000 | 0.0402 |
Source:
CO2, CH4, and N2O emissions data for highway vehicles are from Table 2-13 of the Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990–2015. Vehicle-miles and passenger-miles data for highway vehicles are from Table VM-1 of the Federal Highway Administration Highway Statistics 2015. Fuel consumption data and passenger-miles data for rail are from Tables A.14 to A.16 and 9.10 to 9.12 of the Transportation Energy Data Book: Edition 35. Fuel consumption was converted to emissions by using fuel and electricity emission factors presented in the tables above. Air Travel factors from 2017 Guidelines to Defra / DECC's GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting. Version 1.0 August 2017.
Note:
A Passenger car: includes passenger cars, minivans, SUVs, and small pickup trucks (vehicles with wheelbase less than 121 inches).
B Light-duty truck: includes full-size pickup trucks, full-size vans, and extended-length SUVs (vehicles with wheelbase greater than 121 inches).
C Intercity rail: long-distance rail between major cities, such as Amtrak
D Commuter rail: rail service between a central city and adjacent suburbs (also called regional rail or suburban rail)
E Transit rail: rail typically within an urban center, such as subways, elevated railways, metropolitan railways (metro), streetcars, trolley cars, and tramways.
| Vehicle (Aircraft) Type | CO2 Factor(kg / gallon) | CH4Factor(g / gallon) | N2O Factor(g / gallon) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aviation Gasoline Aircraft | 8.31 | 7.06 | 0.11 |
| Jet Fuel Aircraft | 9.75 | 0 | 0.3 |
Source:
EPA (2017) Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2015. All values are calculated from Table A-110.
Note:
LPG non-road vehicles assumed equal to other gasoline sources. Biodiesel vehicles assumed equal to other diesel sources.
Distance is typically denoted in either mile or km, or more specialized for passengers (passenger-mile or passenger-km) or cargo (nautical mile, ton-mile or tonne-km) or by type (vehicle-mile, vehicle-km).
| Type | Units | Kg CO2e | Kg CO2 | Kg CH4 | Kg N4O |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Local bus (not London) | passenger.km | 0.1208 | 0.1197 | 0.00003 | 0.001 |
| Local London bus | passenger.km | 0.0821 | 0.0816 | 0.00001 | 0.0004 |
| Average local bus | passenger.km | 0.1047 | 0.1039 | 0.00003 | 0.0008 |
| Coach | passenger.km | 0.0278 | 0.0273 | 0.00002 | 0.0005 |
| Type | CO2Factor(kg / passenger.mile) | CH4Factor(g / passenger.mile) | N2OFactor(g /passenger.mile) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bus | 0.056 | 0.0013 | 0.0009 |
| Type | CO2Factor(kg / passenger.mile) | CH4Factor(g / passenger.mile) | N2OFactor(g /passenger.mile) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bus | 0.056 | 0.0013 | 0.0009 |
Source:
CO2, CH4, and N2O emissions data for highway vehicles are from Table 2-13 of the Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990–2015. Vehicle-miles and passenger-miles data for highway vehicles are from Table VM-1 of the Federal Highway Administration Highway Statistics 2015.
Note:
Fuel consumption data and passenger-miles data for rail are from Tables A.14 to A.16 and 9.10 to 9.12 of the Transportation Energy Data Book: Edition 35. and converted to emissions by using fuel and electricity emission factors presented in the tables above. Air Travel factors from 2017 Guidelines to Defra / DECC's GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting. Version 1.0 August 2017.
| Vehicle Type | CO2 Factor(kg / scf) | CH4Factor(g / mile) | N2O Factor(g /mile) |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNG Buses | 0.05444 | 1.966 | 0.175 |
| Vehicle Type | CO2 Factor(kg / gallon) | CH4Factor(g / mile) | N2O Factor(g /mile) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Biodiesel Buses | 9.45 | 0.005 | 0.005 |
| Ethanol Buses | 5.75 | 0.197 | 0.175 |
Distance is typically denoted in either mile or km, or more specialized for passengers (passenger-mile or passenger-km) or cargo (nautical mile, ton-mile or tonne-km) or by type (vehicle-mile, vehicle-km).
| Motorbike Type | Units | Kg CO2E | kg CO4 | Kg CH4 | Kg N2O |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Small | km | 0.08445 | 0.0824 | 0.00174 | 0.0003 |
| Small | miles | 0.13591 | 0.1326 | 0.0028 | 0.00048 |
| Medium | km | 0.10289 | 0.1 | 0.00225 | 0.0006 |
| Medium | miles | 0.16559 | 0.161 | 0.00362 | 0.00097 |
| Large | km | 0.13501 | 0.1331 | 0.00133 | 0.0006 |
| Large | miles | 0.21729 | 0.2142 | 0.00214 | 0.00097 |
| Average | km | 0.11551 | 0.1131 | 0.00178 | 0.00059 |
| Average | miles | 0.18589 | 0.1821 | 0.00286 | 0.00095 |
| Vehicle Type | CO2Factor(kg / vehicle-mile) | CH4Factor(g / vehicle-mile) | N2OFactor(g /vehicle-mile) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Motorcycle | 0.189 | 0.07 | 0.007 |
| Vehicle Type | Units | CO2Factor(kg / unit) | CH4Factor(g / unit) | N2OFactor(g /unit) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Motorcycle | vehicle-mile | 0.189 | 0.07 | 0.007 |
Source:
CO2, CH4, and N2O emissions data for highway vehicles are from Table 2-13 of the Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990–2015. Vehicle-miles and passenger-miles data for highway vehicles are from Table VM-1 of the Federal Highway Administration Highway Statistics 2015.
Note:
Fuel consumption data and passenger-miles data for rail are from Tables A.14 to A.16 and 9.10 to 9.12 of the Transportation Energy Data Book: Edition 35. Fuel consumption was converted to emissions by using fuel and electricity emission factors presented in the tables above. Air Travel factors from 2017 Guidelines to Defra / DECC's GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting. Version 1.0 August 2017.
Distance is typically denoted in either mile or km, or more specialized for passengers (passenger-mile or passenger-km) or cargo (nautical mile, ton-mile or tonne-km) or by type (vehicle-mile, vehicle-km).
Estimation functions for waterborne emissions can handle different scope assumptions (1, 2 and 3) based on boundary, method and activity (fuel vs. distance, etc.) as well as coverage of gases (CO2, CH4, N2O) given below emission factors.
1. Water-borne transportation, including sightseeing ferries, domestic inter-city vehicles, or international water–borne vehicles or ships for national level transportation. Civic records are integrated for this ownership data, by zip or parcel geocoded location, as well as evaluating neighborhood-by-neighborhood data on different water-transportation fuel source consumptions.
Scope 1 emissions from fuel combustion for waterborne navigation occurring in the boundary, as well as emissions from grid-supplied energy consumed in the boundary for waterborne navigation (Scope 2). Emissions from transboundary journeys occurring outside the boundary, and T&D losses from grid-supplied energy consumption (Scope 3) is also included.
| Activity | Type | Unit | Kg CO2E | kg CO4 | Kg CH4 | Kg N2O |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ferry | Foot passenger | passenger.km | 0.0187 | 0.01848 | 0.000006 | 0.0003 |
| Ferry | Car passenger | passenger.km | 0.1295 | 0.127739 | 0.000038 | 0.0017 |
| Ferry | Average (all passenger) | passenger.km | 0.1129 | 0.111313 | 0.000033 | 0.0015 |
| Vehicle Type | CO4Factor(kg / ton-mile) | CH4Factor(kg / ton-mile) | N2OFactor(kg / ton-mile) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Waterborne Craft | 0.059 | 0.0005 | 0.004 |
| Vehicle Type | CO4Factor(kg / ton-mile) | CH4Factor(kg / ton-mile) | N2OFactor(kg / ton-mile) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Waterborne Craft | 0.059 | 0.0005 | 0.004 |
Source:
CO2, CH4, and N2O emissions data for highway vehicles are from Table 2-13 of the Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990–2015. Vehicle-miles and passenger-miles data for highway vehicles are from Table VM-1 of the Federal Highway Administration Highway Statistics 2015.
| Vehicle Type | CO2 Factor(kg / gallon) | CH4Factor(g / unit) | N2OFactor(g /unit) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Diesel Ships and Boats | 10.21 | 0.06 | 0.45 |
| Gasoline Ships and Boats | 8.78 | 0.64 | 0.22 |
| Residual Fuel Oil Ships and Boats | 11.27 | 0.11 | 0.57 |
Source:
CO2, CH4, and N2O emissions data for highway vehicles are from Table 2-13 of the Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990–2015. Vehicle-miles and passenger-miles data for highway vehicles are from Table VM-1 of the Federal Highway Administration Highway Statistics 2015. Fuel consumption data and passenger-miles data for rail are from Tables A.14 to A.16 and 9.10 to 9.12 of the Transportation Energy Data Book: Edition 35. Fuel consumption was converted to emissions by using fuel and electricity emission factors presented in the tables above. Air Travel factors from 2017 Guidelines to Defra / DECC's GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting. Version 1.0 August 2017.
Emissions from fuel combustion for railway transportation occuring in the boundary, as well as from grid-supplied energy consumed for railways in the boundary. Emissions from transboundary journeys occurring outside the boundary and T&D losses from grid-supplied energy consumption are to be included in estimation as well.
Railway, including trams, urban railway subway systems, regional (inter-city) commuter rail transport, national rail system, and international rail systems, etc. The API aggregates this data, which is traditionally missing, such as from other models. Besides passenger traffic intensity, the API accesses other datasets, such as Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS) rail networks and nodes for National Transportation Atlas Database (NTAD). Upon request, this information, which are traditionally overlooked by city governments and energy modelers can be accessed. The spatial data from the FRA network and the FRA Automated Track Inspection Program culminates into a single rail network data for displaying and analyzing geospatial information on or around the U.S. rail infrastructure.
| Rail Type | Unit | Kg CO2E | kg CO4 | Kg CH4 | Kg N2O |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| National rail | passenger.km | 0.04115 | 0.0408 | 0.00007 | 0.00031 |
| International rail | passenger.km | 0.00597 | 0.0059 | 0.00002 | 0.00003 |
| Light rail and tram | passenger.km | 0.03508 | 0.0348 | 0.00009 | 0.00019 |
| London Underground | passenger.km | 0.03084 | 0.0306 | 0.00008 | 0.00017 |
| Vehicle Type | CO2Factor(kg / passenger-mile) | CH4Factor(g / passenger-mile) | N2O Factor(g / passenger-mile) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intercity Rail (i.e. Amtrak) | 0.14 | 0.0087 | 0.0031 |
| Commuter Rail | 0.161 | 0.0081 | 0.0032 |
| Transit Rail (i.e. Subway, Tram) | 0.119 | 0.0025 | 0.0017 |
| Vehicle Type | CO2Factor(kg / passenger-mile) | CH4Factor(g / passenger-mile) | N2O Factor(g / passenger-mile) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intercity Rail (i.e. Amtrak) | 0.14 | 0.0087 | 0.0031 |
| Commuter Rail | 0.161 | 0.0081 | 0.0032 |
| Transit Rail (i.e. Subway, Tram) | 0.119 | 0.0025 | 0.0017 |
| Vehicle Type | Units | CO2Factor(kg / ton-mile) | CH4Factor(g / ton-mile) | N2O Factor(g / ton-mile) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rail | 0.023 | 0.0018 | 0.0006 |
| Vehicle Type | Units | CO2Factor(kg / ton-mile) | CH4Factor(g / ton-mile) | N2O Factor(g / ton-mile) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rail | 0.023 | 0.0018 | 0.0006 |
Source:
CO2, CH4, and N2O emissions data for highway vehicles are from Table 2-13 of the Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990–2015. Vehicle-miles and passenger-miles data for highway vehicles are from Table VM-1 of the Federal Highway Administration Highway Statistics 2015. Fuel consumption data and passenger-miles data for rail are from Tables A.14 to A.16 and 9.10 to 9.12 of the Transportation Energy Data Book: Edition 35. Fuel consumption was converted to emissions by using fuel and electricity emission factors presented in the tables above. Air Travel factors from 2017 Guidelines to Defra / DECC's GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting. Version 1.0 August 2017.
Note:
C Intercity rail: long-distance rail between major cities, such as Amtrak
D Commuter rail: rail service between a central city and adjacent suburbs (also called regional rail or suburban rail)
E Transit rail: rail typically within an urban center, such as subways, elevated railways, metropolitan railways (metro), streetcars, trolley cars, and tramways.
| Vehicle Type | CO2 Factor(kg / gallon) | CH4Factor(g / gallon) | N2O Factor(g / gallon) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Diesel Locomotives | 10.21 | 0.8 | 0.26 |
Source:
EPA (2017) Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2015. All values are calculated from Table A-110.
Note:
LPG non-road vehicles assumed equal to other gasoline sources. Biodiesel vehicles assumed equal to other diesel sources.
Estimation functions for off-road and equipments can handle different scope assumptions (1, 2 and 3) based on boundary, method and activity (fuel vs. distance, etc.) as well as coverage of gases (CO2, CH4, N2O) given below emission factors.
Emissions from fuel combustion for off-road transportation occurring in the boundary as well as grid-supplied energy emissions from off-road transportation consumption, for Scope 1 and 2 emissions respectively. Transboundary off-road journeys occurring outside the boundary, and T&D losses from grid-supplied energy consumption is also included as Scope 3 emissions.
Off-road transportation, including airport ground support equipment, agricultural tractors, chain saws, forklifts, snowmobiles, etc. A majority of these are unreported for municipal or national activities. The API geolocates such data in certain jurisdictions.
| Vehicle Type | CO2 Factor(kg / gallon) | CH4Factor(g / gallon) | N2O Factor(g / gallon) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gasoline Agricultural Equip. | 8.78 | 1.26 | 0.22 |
| Diesel Agricultural Equip. | 10.21 | 1.44 | 0.26 |
| Gasoline Construction Equip. | 8.78 | 0.5 | 0.22 |
| Diesel Construction Equip. | 10.21 | 0.57 | 0.26 |
| Other Gasoline Non-Road Vehicles | 8.78 | 0.5 | 0.22 |
| Other Diesel Non-Road Vehicles | 10.21 | 0.57 | 0.26 |
| LPG Non-Road Vehicles | 5.68 | 0.5 | 0.22 |
| Biodiesel Non-Road Vehicles | 0.05444 | 0.57 | 0.26 |
Source:
EPA (2017) Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2015. All values are calculated from Table A-110.
Note:
LPG non-road vehicles assumed equal to other gasoline sources. Biodiesel vehicles assumed equal to other diesel sources.
Direct GHG emissions from refrigerants in trucks and other equipment incurred during the purchase and release of certain gasses in certain vehicle classes.
Scope 2 emissions are indirect GHG emissions associated with the purchase of electricity for charging electrified transport, like vehicles, plans and boats. While scope 2 emissions occur at the charging facility where they are physically generated (power plants or heating units), they are often accounted for in an organization’s GHG inventory because they are a result of that organization’s energy consumption in their vehicle or fleet.
Usually either purchased (in kWh or MWh) from a utility or an energy supplier and charge vehicles. Onsite combustion of fossil fuels to convert to electricity via plants owned by the organization will be counted as their stationary combustion, and thus scope 1.
Scope 3 emissions refer to greenhouse gas emissions that occur as a result of the activities of a company, but which occur outside of its direct control or ownership. These emissions are sometimes called "value chain" emissions because they are generated by activities within the company's value chain, including the transportation of goods, services and people, to and from different points of origin and destination
Check with upstream suppliers and vendors
Please be careful to correctly categorize across the value chain
Upstream transportation and distribution of products (ton-miles) purchased by the reporting company, between a company’s tier 1 suppliers and its own operations in vehicles and facilities not owned or controlled by the reporting company for products purchased in the reporting year.
It includes the following for transportation –
| 1. Air | |
| 2. Rail | |
| 3. Road | |
| 4. Marine |
Upstream Distribution includes the following -
| 1. Warehouses | |
| 2. Distribution centers | |
| 3. Retail facilities |
Examples of goods transportation across the value chain and corresponding scope and emissions category.
- Scope 1 includes emissions from the combustion of fuels by sources owned or controlled by the reporting company
| Activity | Scope and Category of Emissions |
|---|---|
| Transportation and distribution vehicles and facilities owned or controlled by reporting company | Scope 1 for fuel use |
- Scope 2 includes the emissions from the combustion of fuels to generate electricity, steam, heating, and cooling purchased and consumed by the reporting company.
| Activity | Scope and Category of Emissions |
|---|---|
| Transportation and distribution vehicles and facilities owned or controlled by | Scope 2 for electricity use |
- Scope 3 includes upstream emissions of purchased fuels (mining coal, refining gasoline, transmission and distribution of natural gas), upstream emissions of purchased electricity (fuels consumed in generation of electricity such as steam, heat, and cooling), transmission and distribution losses (electricity generation consumed and lost in process), generation of purchased electricity that is sold to end users (electricity generation reported by utility company or energy retailer).
| Activity | Scope and Category of Emissions |
|---|---|
| Transportation and distribution vehicles and facilities leased and operated by reporting company | Scope 3, Category 8: Upstream leased assets |
| Transportation and distribution of purchased products, upstream of the reporting company’s tier 1 suppliers | Scope 3, category 1: Purchased goods and services |
| Production of Vehicles (e.g., ships, trucks, planes) purchased or acquired by reporting company in reporting year | Scope 3, Category 2: Capital goods for emissions associated with the manufacturing of the vehicle |
| Transportation of fuels and energy consumed by the reporting company | Scope 3, Category 3: Fuel-and energy-related emissions not included in Scope 1 or 2 |
| Transportation and distribution of purchased products between tier 1 suppliers and reporting company’s own operations (in vehicles and facilities not owned or controlled by reporting company) | Scope 3, Category 4: Upstream transportation and distribution |
| Transportation and distribution services purchased by reporting company in reporting year including inbound and outbound logistics between a company’s own facilities (in vehicles and facilities not owned or controlled by reporting company) | Scope 3, Category 9: Downstream transportation and distribution |
Check travel related data
Please consult finance or HR teams on individual team-member level travel details
Business travel includes emissions from the transportation of employees for business related activities in vehicles owned or operated by third parties, such as aircraft, trains, buses, and passenger cars.
It includes the following for Business travel
| 1. Air | |
| 2. Rail | |
| 3. Bus | |
| 4. Automobile (e.g., business travel in rental cars or employee-owned vehicles other than employee commuting to and from work) | |
| 5. Other modes of travel |
Companies have the option to include emissions from business travelers staying in hotels; however, it is not required.
Companies can determine the Scope and Category of emissions for business travel using the table below.
- Scope 1 includes emissions from the combustion of fuels by sources owned or controlled by the reporting company
| Activity | Scope and Category of Emissions |
|---|---|
| Emissions from transportation in vehicles owned or controlled by reporting company | Scope 1 for vehicles that consume fuel |
- Scope 2 includes the emissions from the combustion of fuels to generate electricity, steam, heating, and cooling purchased and consumed by the reporting company.
| Activity | Scope and Category of Emissions |
|---|---|
| Emissions from transportation in vehicles owned or controlled by reporting company | Scope 2 for vehicles that consume electricity |
- Scope 3 includes upstream emissions of purchased fuels (mining coal, refining gasoline, transmission and distribution of natural gas), upstream emissions of purchased electricity (fuels consumed in generation of electricity such as steam, heat, and cooling), transmission and distribution losses (electricity generation consumed and lost in process), generation of purchased electricity that is sold to end users (electricity generation reported by utility company or energy retailer).
| Activity | Scope and Category of Emissions |
|---|---|
| Emissions from transportation of employees for business related activities in vehicles owned or operated by third parties | Scope 3, Category 6: Business travel |
| Emissions from transportation of employees to and from work using employee owned vehicles | Scope 3, Category 7: Employee Commuting |
| Emissions from leased vehicles operated by the reporting company not included in Scope 1 or Scope 2 | Scope 3, Category 8: Upstream leased assets |
Check HR data
Please consult HR teams on individual team-member’s location(s) and assumed annual modes of travel
Employee Commuting includes emissions from the transportation of employees between their homes and their worksites.
It includes the following for Business travel
| 1. Automobile | |
| 2. Bus | |
| 3. Rail | |
| 4. Air | |
| 5. Other modes of travel |
Companies have the option to include emissions from remote workers in this category.
Companies can determine the Scope and Category of emissions for Employee commuting using the table below.
- Scope 1 includes emissions from the combustion of fuels by sources owned or controlled by the reporting company
| Activity | Scope and Category of Emissions |
|---|---|
| Emissions from transportation in vehicles owned or controlled by reporting company | Scope 1 for vehicles that consume fuel |
- Scope 2 includes the emissions from the combustion of fuels to generate electricity, steam, heating, and cooling purchased and consumed by the reporting company.
| Activity | Scope and Category of Emissions |
|---|---|
| Emissions from transportation in vehicles owned or controlled by reporting company | Scope 2 for vehicles that consume electricity |
- Scope 3 includes upstream emissions of purchased fuels (mining coal, refining gasoline, transmission and distribution of natural gas), upstream emissions of purchased electricity (fuels consumed in generation of electricity such as steam, heat, and cooling), transmission and distribution losses (electricity generation consumed and lost in process), generation of purchased electricity that is sold to end users (electricity generation reported by utility company or energy retailer).
| Activity | Scope and Category of Emissions |
|---|---|
| Emissions from transportation of employees for business related activities in vehicles owned or operated by third parties | Scope 3, Category 6: Business travel |
| Emissions from transportation of employees to and from work | Scope 3, Category 7: Employee Commuting |
| Emissions from leased vehicles operated by the reporting company not included in Scope 1 or Scope 2 | Scope 3, Category 8: Upstream leased assets |
Check with downstream suppliers and vendors
Please be careful to correctly categorize across the value chain
Downstream transportation and distribution emissions that occur in the reporting year from transportation and distribution of products sold in vehicles and facilities not owned or controlled by the reporting company.
This category includes emissions from retail and storage. Category 9 only includes transportation and distribution of products after point of sale.
It includes the following activities in this category --
| 1. Warehouses | |
| 2. Distribution centers | |
| 3. Retail facilities | |
| 4. Air | |
| 5. Rail | |
| 6. Road | |
| 7. Marine |
Companies could include customers coming and going from their store which is significant for retail companies.
If the company sells an intermediate product, they should account for the point of sale for the reporting company and either (1) end consumer or (2) business customers if end use of the product is unknown.
Examples of goods transportation across the value chain and corresponding scope and emissions category.
- Scope 1 includes emissions from the combustion of fuels by sources owned or controlled by the reporting company
| Activity | Scope and Category of Emissions |
|---|---|
| Transportation and distribution vehicles and facilities owned or controlled by reporting company | Scope 1 for fuel use |
- Scope 2 includes the emissions from the combustion of fuels to generate electricity, steam, heating, and cooling purchased and consumed by the reporting company.
| Activity | Scope and Category of Emissions |
|---|---|
| Transportation and distribution vehicles and facilities owned or controlled by reporting company | Scope 2 for electricity use |
- Scope 3 includes upstream emissions of purchased fuels (mining coal, refining gasoline, transmission and distribution of natural gas), upstream emissions of purchased electricity (fuels consumed in generation of electricity such as steam, heat, and cooling), transmission and distribution losses (electricity generation consumed and lost in process), generation of purchased electricity that is sold to end users (electricity generation reported by utility company or energy retailer).
| Activity | Scope and Category of Emissions |
|---|---|
| Transportation and distribution vehicles and facilities leased and operated by reporting company | Scope 3, Category 8: Upstream leased assets |
| Transportation and distribution of purchased products, upstream of the reporting company’s tier 1 suppliers | Scope 3, Category 1: Purchased goods and services |
| Production of Vehicles (e.g., ships, trucks, planes) purchased or acquired by reporting company in reporting year | Scope 3, Category 2: Capital goods for emissions associated with the manufacturing of the vehicle |
| Transportation of fuels and energy consumed by the reporting company | Scope 3, Category 3: Fuel-and energy-related emissions not included in Scope 1 or 2 |
| Transportation and distribution of purchased products between tier 1 suppliers and reporting company’s own operations (in vehicles and facilities not owned or controlled reporting company) | Scope 3, Category 4: Upstream transportation and distribution |
| Transportation and distribution services purchased by reporting company in reporting year including inbound and outbound logistics between a company’s own facilities (in vehicles and facilities not owned or controlled by reporting company) | Scope 3, Category 9: Downstream transportation and distribution |
Note
CDP C4.2b - Provide details of any other climate-related targets, including methane reduction targets. Transportation related targets, like Low-carbon vehicles:
- Percentage of low-carbon vehicles in company fleet
- Percentage of low-carbon vehicles sold
- Percentage of company fleet using biofuel
- Percentage of battery electric vehicles in company fleet
- Percentage of conventional hybrids in company fleet
- Percentage of plug-in hybrids in company fleet
- Percentage of fuel cell electric vehicles in company fleet
- Percentage of company facilities with electric vehicle infrastructure
- Other, please specify